SQL> create table T_PEEKING (a NUMBER, b char(1), c char(2000)); Table created. SQL>SQL> create index T_PEEKING_IDX1 on T_PEEKING(b); Index created. SQL> begin 2 for i in 1..1000 loop 3 insert into T_PEEKING values (i, 'A', i); 4 end loop; 5 6 insert into T_PEEKING values (1001, 'B', 1001); 7 insert into T_PEEKING values (1002, 'B', 1002); 8 insert into T_PEEKING values (1003, 'C', 1003); 9 10 commit; 11 end; 12 / PL/SQL PRocedure sUCcessfully completed. SQL>SQL> analyze table T_PEEKING compute statistics for table for all indexes
for all indexed columns; Table analyzed. SQL>我们看下索引扫描的代价是多少:SQL> show parameter OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ NAME TYPE VALUE------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------optimizer_index_cost_adj integer 100 SQL> delete from plan_table; 0 rows deleted. SQL> SQL> eXPlain plan for select /*+index(a T_PEEKING_IDX1)*/ * from
T_PEEKING a where b = :V; Explained. SQL> select lpad(' ', 2*(level-1))Operation' 'options' ' 2 object_name' 'decode(id, 0, 'Cost='position) "Query 3 Plan_Table" 4 from plan_table 5 start with id = 0 6 connect by prior id = parent_id 7 ; QueryPlan_Table-------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT STATEMENT Cost=113 TABLE access BY INDEX ROWID T_PEEKING INDEX RANGE SCAN T_PEEKING_IDX1 SQL>SQL> delete from plan_table; 3 rows deleted. SQL>SQL> explain plan for select /*+full(a)*/ * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V; Explained. SQL>SQL> select lpad(' ', 2*(level-1))operation' 'options' ' 2 object_name' 'decode(id, 0, 'Cost='position) "Query 3 Plan_Table" 4 from plan_table 5 start with id = 0 6 connect by prior id = parent_id 7 ; QueryPlan_Table-------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT STATEMENT Cost=75 TABLE ACCESS FULL T_PEEKING SQL> 这时,我们可以计算得出让优化器使用索引(无提示强制)的OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ值应该SQL> alter system set OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=67; System altered. SQL>SQL> delete from plan_table; 2 rows deleted. SQL>SQL> explain plan for select * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V; Explained. SQL>SQL> select lpad(' ', 2*(level-1))operation' 'options' ' 2 object_name' 'decode(id, 0, 'Cost='position) "Query 3 Plan_Table" 4 from plan_table 5 start with id = 0 6 connect by prior id = parent_id; QueryPlan_Table-------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT STATEMENT Cost=75 TABLE ACCESS FULL T_PEEKING SQL>SQL>SQL> alter system set OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=66; System altered. SQL>SQL> delete from plan_table; 2 rows deleted. SQL>SQL> explain plan for select * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V; Explained. SQL>SQL> select lpad(' ', 2*(level-1))operation' 'options' ' 2 object_name' 'decode(id, 0, 'Cost='position) "Query 3 Plan_Table" 4 from plan_table 5 start with id = 0 6 connect by prior id = parent_id; QueryPlan_Table-------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT STATEMENT Cost=75 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID T_PEEKING INDEX RANGE SCAN T_PEEKING_IDX1SQL> alter system set OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=100; System altered. SQL>SQL> delete from plan_table; 2 rows deleted. SQL>SQL> explain plan for select /*+index(a T_PEEKING_IDX1)*/* from
T_PEEKING a where b = 'A'; Explained. SQL>SQL> select lpad(' ', 2*(level-1))operation' 'options' ' 2 object_name' 'decode(id, 0, 'Cost='position) "Query 3 Plan_Table" 4 from plan_table 5 start with id = 0 6 connect by prior id = parent_id; QueryPlan_Table------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT STATEMENT Cost=336 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID T_PEEKING INDEX RANGE SCAN T_PEEKING_IDX1SQL> alter system set OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=100; System altered. SQL>SQL> delete from plan_table; 3 rows deleted. SQL>SQL> explain plan for select /*+index(a T_PEEKING_IDX1)*/* from
T_PEEKING a where b = 'B'; Explained. SQL>SQL> select lpad(' ', 2*(level-1))operation' 'options' ' 2 object_name' 'decode(id, 0, 'Cost='position) "Query 3 Plan_Table" 4 from plan_table 5 start with id = 0 6 connect by prior id = parent_id; QueryPlan_Table-------------------------------------------------------------------------SELECT STATEMENT Cost=2 TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID T_PEEKING INDEX RANGE SCAN T_PEEKING_IDX1SQL> conn sys/sys as sysdbaConnected.SQL>SQL> alter system set OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ=60; System altered. SQL> analyze table T_PEEKING compute statistics for table for all indexes
for all indexed columns; Table analyzed. SQL>SQL> set autot traceSQL>SQL> alter session set sql_trace = true; Session altered. SQL>SQL> var v char(1)SQL>SQL> exec :v := 'A'; PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL>SQL> select * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V; 1000 rows selected. SQL>SQL> alter session set sql_trace = false; Session altered.tkprof fuyuncat_ora_5352.trc aaa.txt此时OPTIMIZER_INDEX_COST_ADJ是60,根据上面的结论,似乎查询计划应该选择扫描索引。但是,这里给绑定变量赋了值"A",这时,优化器会“窥视”到这个值,并且在计算扫描成本时按照这个值的成本来计算。因此,得出的查询计划是全表扫描,而不是扫描索引,靠tkprof分析的结果:select * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0Fetch 68 0.01 0.07 0 406 0 1000------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------total 70 0.01 0.08 0 406 0 1000 Misses in library cache during parse: 1Optimizer mode: CHOOSEParsing user id: SYS Rows Row Source Operation------- --------------------------------------------------- 1000 TABLE ACCESS FULL T_PEEKING (cr=406 pr=0 pw=0 time=5052 us) *************************************************************************SQL> conn sys/sys as sysdbaConnected.SQL>SQL>SQL> set autot traceSQL>SQL> alter session set sql_trace = true; Session altered. SQL>SQL> var v char(1)SQL>SQL> exec :v := 'B'; PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL>SQL> select * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V; 1000 rows selected. SQL>SQL> alter session set sql_trace = false; Session altered.select * from T_PEEKING a where b = :V call count cpu elapsed disk query current rows------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------Parse 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0Execute 1 0.00 0.00 0 0 0 0Fetch 2 0.00 0.00 0 340 0 2------- ------ -------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------total 4 0.00 0.00 0 340 0 2 Misses in library cache during parse: 0Optimizer mode: CHOOSEParsing user id: SYS Rows Row Source Operation------- --------------------------------------------------- 2 TABLE ACCESS FULL T_PEEKING (cr=340 pr=0 pw=0 time=1005 us)新闻热点
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