RedHat Linux5.5下Oracle 11g安装图解教程

2020-05-27 13:33:25

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Linux下安装Oracle系统最好是1G内存，2G的swap空间，硬盘至少需要4.5G空间。

至少环境在Linux Server release 5.3以上

如果是Linux Server release 5.1，改装oracle10.2g吧

一、查看Linux版本

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/issueRed Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/RedHat-release Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.5 (Tikanga)

二、到oracle官方网站下载对应版本的oracle，我下的是oracle for linux X86 http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/enterprise-edition/downloads/index.html

三、在linux下创建oracle用户，以及管理组 3.1 以root用户登录linux，执行以下命令

[root@localhost ~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd dba[root@localhost ~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd oper[root@localhost ~]#/usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall

小技巧：查看Linux用户组命令：

[root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/group

3.2 添加oracle用户

[root@localhost ~]#useradd oracle[root@localhost ~]#/usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle[root@localhost ~]#passwd oracleChanging password for user oracle.New UNIX password: oracleBAD PASSWORD: it is based on a dictionary wordRetype new UNIX password: oraclepasswd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

3.3 预先创建安装目录[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /opt/oracle/product/OraHome[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /opt/oraInventory[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /opt/oracle/oradata[root@localhost ~]#mkdir -p /var/opt/oracle3.4 设置目录的所有者所属组和权限

[root@localhost ~]#chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle[root@localhost ~]#chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/oradata[root@localhost ~]#chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/product/OraHome[root@localhost ~]#chown -R oracle.dba /opt/oraInventory[root@localhost ~]#chown oracle.dba /var/opt/oracle[root@localhost ~]#chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle[root@localhost ~]#chmod -R 755 /var/opt/oracle

3.5 设置用户oracle的环境变量

#su - oracle[oracle@localhost ~]$ vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile

在文件底部添加

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracleexport ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/OraHomeexport ORACLE_SID=orclexport ORACLE_OWNER=oracleexport ORACLE_TERM=vt100export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$HOME/binexport PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/Apache/Apache/bin:$PATHLD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib:/usr/local/libexport LD_LIBRARY_PATHCLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/JRE:$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlibCLASSPATH=$CLASSPATH:$ORACLE_HOME/network/jlibexport CLASSPATHPATH=$PATH:/usr/sbin; export PATHPATH=$PATH:/usr/bin; export PATH

--执行以下命令让配置马上生效或以oracle用户登录使设置生效

[oracle@localhost ~]$ source $HOME/.bash_profile

四、准备安装环境4.1 安装环境检查Oracle依赖软件包齐全(版本等于或大于以下版本号)binutils-2.17.50.0.6compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3 (32 bit)elfutils-libelf-0.125elfutils-libelf-devel-0.125gcc-4.1.2gcc-c++-4.1.2glibc-2.5-24glibc-2.5-24 (32 bit)glibc-common-2.5glibc-devel-2.5glibc-devel-2.5 (32 bit)glibc-headers-2.5pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5libaio-0.3.106libaio-0.3.106 (32 bit)libaio-devel-0.3.106libaio-devel-0.3.106 (32 bit) libgcc-4.1.2libgcc-4.1.2 (32 bit) libstdc++-4.1.2libstdc++-4.1.2 (32 bit)libstdc++-devel 4.1.2make-3.81sysstat-7.0.2unixODBC-2.2.11unixODBC-2.2.11 (32 bit)unixODBC-devel-2.2.11unixODBC-devel-2.2.11 (32 bit)

4.2 上传安装包上传linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip、linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip到/home/oracle/目录4.3 解压安装包

[oracle@localhost oracle]$ cd /home/oracle/[oracle@localhost ~]$ lslinux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip[oracle@localhost oracle]$ unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip[oracle@localhost oracle]$ unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

如果上传的不是/home/oracle/目，要保证上传的目录oracle用户有足够的权限,假如上传到/opt/soft目录要切换回root用户进行解压：

[oracle@localhost oracle]$ su - root[root@localhost ~]# cd /opt/soft/

解压压缩包：

[root@localhost soft]# unzip linux_11gR2_database_1of2.zip[root@localhost soft]# unzip linux_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

给解压后的目录赋权限给oracle用户

#chown -R oracle database#chgrp -R oinstall database

五、正式安装5.1 重启服务器,将配置信息生效5.2 进入服务器界面，以Oracle用户登录,执行以下命令

[root@localhost ~]#cd /home/oracle/database[root@localhost ~]#./runInstaller

然后进入图形化安装过程。注意我们先安装oracle软件，安装完软件之后再配置监听程序和数据库。下面是安装过程的步骤和选项：

1.执行./runInstaller后，进入图1

RedHat Linux5.5下Oracle 11g安装图解教程武林网

2.去掉复选框选择，点击next，会弹出对话框如图2

3.点击yes，进入图3

4.选择第2项 install database soft onliy，点击next，进入图4

5.选择第1项 single instance database installation，点击next，进入图5

6.选择语言 simplifed Chinese，点击next，进入图6

7.图6是选择数据库类型，我们选择企业版 Enterprise Edition(3.95G),点击next

8.图7是为了配置oracle的安装目录，配置值应该如图所示，直接点击next,进入图8

9.图8是为了配置oracle的管理组，配置值应该如图所示，直接点击next，进入图9

10.图9是为了配置oracle的用户权限，配置值应该如图所示，直接点击next，进入图10

11.进入图10会自动安装，自动进入图11

13.安装失败的rpm包，具体安装那些包，请参考图11的Failed

上传compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm到/qsyang/oracle执行安装：[root@localhost home]# cd /qsyang/oracle/[root@localhost oracle]# rpm -ivh compat-libstdc++-33-3.2.3-61.i386.rpm上传elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpmelfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm到/qsyang/oracle执行安装（由于俩个包相互依赖，所以一起安装）：[root@localhost soft]# rpm -ivf elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpmwarning: elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186Preparing packages for installation...elfutils-libelf-devel-static-0.137-3.el5elfutils-libelf-devel-0.137-3.el5上传libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm到/qsyang/oracle执行安装：[root@localhost soft]# rpm -ivh libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpmwarning: libaio-devel-0.3.106-5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186Preparing... ########################################### [100%]1:libaio-devel ########################################### [100%]上传sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpmunixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm到/qsyang/oracle执行安装：[root@localhost oracle]# rpm -ivh sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm warning: sysstat-7.0.2-3.el5.i386.rpm: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID e8562897Preparing... ########################################### [100%]1:sysstat ########################################### [100%]上传unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm到/qsyang/oracle执行安装：[root@localhost oracle]# rpm -ivh unixODBC-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%]1:unixODBC ########################################### [100%][root@localhost oracle]# rpm -ivh unixODBC-devel-2.2.11-7.1.i386.rpm Preparing... ########################################### [100%]1:unixODBC-devel ########################################### [100%][root@localhost oracle]#

14.安装完成后，点级再次检查"Check Again",进入图12