Laravel 5 框架入门（四）完结篇

2020-03-22 17:29:48

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Page 和评论将使用 Eloquent 提供的“一对多关系”。最终，我们将得到一个个人博客系统的雏形，并布置一个大作业，供大家实战练习。1. 初识 Eloquent
Laravel Eloquent ORM 是 Laravel 中非常重要的部分，也是 Laravel 能如此流行的原因之一。中文文档在：1. http://laravel-china.org/docs/5.0/eloquent2. http://www.golaravel.com/laravel/docs/5.0/eloquent/在前面的教程中已经建立好的 learnlaravel5/app/Page.php 就是一个 Eloquent Model 类： php namespace App;use Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model;html' target='_blank'>class Page extends Model {若想进一步了解 Eloquent，推荐阅读系列文章：深入理解 Laravel Eloquent2. 创建 Comment 模型
首先我们要新建一张表来存储 Comment，命令行运行：
http://laravel-china.org/docs/5.0/eloquent#relationships4. 前台提交功能
修改 Comment 模型： php namespace App;use Illuminate/Database/Eloquent/Model;class Comment extends Model { protected $fillable = ['nickname', 'email', 'website', 'content', 'page_id'];增加一行路由：'CommentsController@store');
运行以下命令创建 CommentsController 控制器：复制代码代码如下:
php artisan make:controller CommentsController
修改 CommentsController： php namespace App/Http/Controllers;use App/Http/Requests;use App/Http/Controllers/Controller;use Illuminate/Http/Request;use Redirect, Input;use App/Comment;class CommentsController extends Controller { public function store() if (Comment::create(Input::all())) { return Redirect::back(); } else { return Redirect::back()- withInput()- withErrors('评论发表失败！');修改视图 learnlaravel5/resources/views/pages/show.blade.php：@extends('_layouts.default')@section('content') a href="/" 返回首页 /a /h4 h1 {{ $page- title }} /h1 div id="date" {{ $page- updated_at }} /div div id="content" {{ $page- body }} /div div id="comments" @if (count($errors) 0) div strong Whoops! /strong There were some problems with your input. br br @foreach ($errors- all() as $error) li {{ $error }} /li @endforeach /ul /div @endif div id="new" form action="{{ URL('comment/store') }}" method="POST" input type="hidden" name="_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}" input type="hidden" name="page_id" value="{{ $page- id }}" div label Nickname /label input type="text" name="nickname" required="required" /div div label Email address /label input type="email" name="email" /div div label Home page /label input type="text" name="website" /div div label Content /label textarea name="content" id="newFormContent" rows="10" required="required" /textarea /div button type="submit" Submit /button /form /div script function reply(a) { var nickname = a.parentNode.parentNode.firstChild.nextSibling.getAttribute('data'); var textArea = document.getElementById('newFormContent'); textArea.innerHTML = '@'+nickname+' '; /script div @foreach ($page- hasManyComments as $comment) div div data="{{ $comment- nickname }}" @if ($comment- website) a href="{{ $comment- website }}" h3 {{ $comment- nickname }} /h3 @else h3 {{ $comment- nickname }} /h3 @endif h6 {{ $comment- created_at }} /h6 /div div {{ $comment- content }} /div div a href="#new" 回复 /a /div /div @endforeach /div /div @endsection前台评论功能完成。查看效果：5. 后台管理功能
修改基础视图 learnlaravel5/resources/views/app.blade.php 为： !DOCTYPE html html lang="en" head meta charset="utf-8" meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" title Laravel /title link href="/css/app.css" rel="stylesheet" !-- Fonts -- link href='http://fonts.useso.com/css family=Roboto:400,300' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /head body nav div div button type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" span Toggle Navigation /span span /span span /span span /span /button a href="#" Learn Laravel 5 /a /div div id="bs-example-navbar-collapse-1" li a href="/admin" 后台首页 /a /li /ul li a href="/admin/comments" 管理评论 /a /li /ul @if (Auth::guest()) li a href="/auth/login" Login /a /li li a href="/auth/register" Register /a /li @else a href="#" data-toggle="dropdown" role="button" aria-expanded="false" {{ Auth::user()- name }} span /span /a ul role="menu" li a href="/auth/logout" Logout /a /li /ul /li @endif /ul /div /div /nav @yield('content') !-- Scripts -- script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery/2.1.3/jquery.min.js" /script script src="//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/twitter-bootstrap/3.3.1/js/bootstrap.min.js" /script /body /html 修改后台路由组（增加了一行）：Route::group(['prefix' = 'admin', 'namespace' = 'Admin', 'middleware' = 'auth'], function() Route::get('/', 'AdminHomeComtroller@index'); Route::resource('pages', 'PagesController'); Route::resource('comments', 'CommentsController');创建 Admin/CommentsController ：复制代码代码如下:
php artisan make:controller Admin/CommentsController
Admin/CommentsController 要有查看所有、查看单个、POST更改、删除四个接口： php namespace App/Http/Controllers/Admin;use App/Http/Requests;use App/Http/Controllers/Controller;use Illuminate/Http/Request;use App/Comment;use Redirect, Input;class CommentsController extends Controller { public function index() return view('admin.comments.index')- withComments(Comment::all()); public function edit($id) return view('admin.comments.edit')- withComment(Comment::find($id)); public function update(Request $request, $id) $this- validate($request, [ 'nickname' = 'required', 'content' = 'required', if (Comment::where('id', $id)- update(Input::except(['_method', '_token']))) { return Redirect::to('admin/comments'); } else { return Redirect::back()- withInput()- withErrors('更新失败！'); public function destroy($id) $comment = Comment::find($id); $comment- delete(); return Redirect::to('admin/comments');接下来创建两个视图：learnlaravel5/resources/views/admin/comments/index.blade.php：@extends('app')@section('content') div div div div div 管理评论 /div div table th Content /th th User /th th Page /th th 编辑 /th th 删除 /th /tr @foreach ($comments as $comment) {{ $comment- content }} /td @if ($comment- website) a href="{{ $comment- website }}" h4 {{ $comment- nickname }} /h4 @else h3 {{ $comment- nickname }} /h3 @endif {{ $comment- email }} /td a href="{{ URL('pages/'.$comment- page_id) }}" target="_blank" {{ App/Page::find($comment- page_id)- title }} /td a href="{{ URL('admin/comments/'.$comment- id.'/edit') }}" 编辑 /a /td form action="{{ URL('admin/comments/'.$comment- id) }}" method="POST" input name="_method" type="hidden" value="DELETE" input type="hidden" name="_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}" button type="submit" 删除 /button /form /td /tr @endforeach /table
form action="{{ URL('admin/comments/'.$comment- id) }}" method="POST" input name="_method" type="hidden" value="PUT" input type="hidden" name="_token" value="{{ csrf_token() }}" input type="hidden" name="page_id" value="{{ $comment- page_id }}" Nickname: input type="text" name="nickname" required="required" value="{{ $comment- nickname }}" Email: input type="text" name="email" required="required" value="{{ $comment- email }}" Website: input type="text" name="website" required="required" value="{{ $comment- website }}" Content: textarea name="content" rows="10" required="required" {{ $comment- content }} /textarea button 提交修改 /button /form /div /div /div /div /div @endsection后台管理功能完成，查看效果：6. 大作业
依赖于 Page 的评论功能已经全部完成，个人博客系统雏形诞生。在本系列教程的最后，布置一个大作业：构建出 Article 的前后台，并且加上 Article 与 Comment 的一对多关系，加入评论和评论管理功能。在做这个大作业的过程中，你将会反复地回头去看前面的教程，反复地阅读中文文档，会仔细阅读我的代码，等你完成大作业的时候，Laravel 5 就真正入门啦~~以上所述就是本文的全部内容了，希望大家能够喜欢。PHP教程

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