require() is identical to include() except upon failure it will also produce a fatal E_ERROR level error. In other words, it will halt the script whereas include() only emits a warning (E_WARNING) which allows the script to continue.
就是说在失败的时候,require是会中止php运行的,而include是可以继续运行的。
倒底有什么样的区别呢?我们带着这个疑问来一起进入PHP的核心代码。
下面是一个PHP运行过程的图(这个图是出自哪里的?鸟哥画的?)
补习一下:lex是代码扫描器,扫描代码用的,yacc是Yet Another Compiler Compiler,作用是把任何一种代码的语法转成yacc语法,yacc就是解析器(真TMD绕)。
lex在c下的后缀是*.l yacc是*.y
正题
下面看操作记录:
cc@cc-laptop:/opt/workspace$ svn checkout http://svn.php.net/repository/php/php-src/branches/PHP_5_3 php-src-5.3
从svn取最新的php源代码。
开始深入:
cc@cc-laptop:/opt/workspace/php-src-5.3$ find . -type f -name “*.l” -exec grep -Hn “require_once” {} /;
./Zend/zend_language_scanner.l:1093:”require_once” {
寻找lex代码扫描器文件中出现require_once的地方,zend_language_scanner.l的1093行。
1093 “require_once” {
1094 return T_REQUIRE_ONCE;
1095 }
然后再搜一下T_REQUIRE_ONCE,
cc@cc-laptop:/opt/workspace/php-src-5.3$ find . -type f -name “*.y” -exec grep -Hn “T_INCLUDE” {} /;
./Zend/zend_language_parser.y:52:%left T_INCLUDE T_INCLUDE_ONCE T_EVAL T_REQUIRE T_REQUIRE_ONCE
./Zend/zend_language_parser.y:985: | T_INCLUDE expr { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_INCLUDE, &$$, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }
./Zend/zend_language_parser.y:986: | T_INCLUDE_ONCE expr { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_INCLUDE_ONCE, &$$, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }
在985行附近,有这样一群代码:
internal_functions_in_yacc:
T_ISSET ‘(‘ isset_variables ‘)' { $$ = $3; }
| T_EMPTY ‘(‘ variable ‘)' { zend_do_isset_or_isempty(ZEND_ISEMPTY, &$$, &$3 TSRMLS_CC); }
| T_INCLUDE expr { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_INCLUDE, &$$, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }
| T_INCLUDE_ONCE expr { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_INCLUDE_ONCE, &$$, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }
| T_EVAL ‘(‘ expr ‘)' { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_EVAL, &$$, &$3 TSRMLS_CC); }
| T_REQUIRE expr { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_REQUIRE, &$$, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }
| T_REQUIRE_ONCE expr { zend_do_include_or_eval(ZEND_REQUIRE_ONCE, &$$, &$2 TSRMLS_CC); }
;
于是乎,我们需要继续深入寻找zend_do_include_or_eval,
cc@cc-laptop:/opt/workspace/php-src-5.3$ find . -type f -name “*.c” -exec grep -Hn “zend_do_include_or_eval” {} /;
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