node.JS路径解析之PATH模块使用方法详解

路径组成

path.dirname(p)

返回路径p所在的目录

var path = require('path');console.log(path.dirname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/a.txt')); // /foo/bar/baz/asdfconsole.log(path.dirname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/')); // /foo/bar/bazconsole.log(path.dirname('C:/test/aaa')); // C:/test

path.basename(p[, ext])

返回路径的最后一个部分，即文件名。参数ext为需要截掉的后缀内容　

var path = require('path');console.log(path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/a.txt')); // a.txtconsole.log(path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/a.txt','.txt')); // aconsole.log(path.basename('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/')); // asdfconsole.log(path.basename('C:/test/aaa')); // aaa

path.extname(p)

返回路径p的扩展名，从最后一个'.'到字符串的末尾。如果最后一个部分没有'.'，或者路径是以'.'开头，则返回空字符串

var path = require('path');console.log(path.extname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/a.txt')); // .txtconsole.log(path.extname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/a.txt.b')); // .bconsole.log(path.extname('/foo/bar/baz/asdf/a.')); // .console.log(path.extname('C:/test/aaa/.')); // ''console.log(path.extname('C:/test/aaa')); // ''

分隔符

path.sep

返回对应平台下的文件分隔符，win下为'/'，*nix下为'/'

var path = require('path');console.log(path.sep); // win下为/，*nix下为/console.log('foo//bar//baz'.split(path.sep)); // [ 'foo', 'bar', 'baz' ]console.log('foo/bar/baz'.split(path.sep)); // win下返回['foo/bar/baz']，但在*nix系统下会返回['foo','bar','baz']

path.delimiter

返回对应平台下的路径分隔符，win下为';'，*nix下为':'

var path = require('path');console.log(path.delimiter); //win下为“;”，*nix下为“:”console.log(path.sep); // win下为/，*nix下为/

规范化

path.normalize(p)

规范化路径，处理冗余的“..”、“.”、“/”字符。发现多个斜杠时，会替换成一个斜杠。当路径末尾包含一个斜杠时，保留。Windows系统使用反斜杠　

var path = require('path');console.log(path.normalize('a/b/c/../user/bin'));//a/b/user/binconsole.log(path.normalize('a/b/c///../user/bin/'));//a/b/user/bin/console.log(path.normalize('a/b/c/../../user/bin'));//a/user/binconsole.log(path.normalize('a/b/c/.././///../user/bin/..'));//a/userconsole.log(path.normalize('a/b/c/../../user/bin/../../'));//a/console.log(path.normalize('a/../../user/bin/../../'));//../console.log(path.normalize('a/../../user/bin/../../../../'));//../../../console.log(path.normalize('./a/.././user/bin/./'));//user/bin/

path.join([path1], [path2], [...])

将多个路径结合在一起，并转换为规范化路径　

var path = require('path');console.log(path.join('////./a', 'b////c', 'user/'));///a/b/c/userconsole.log(path.join('a', '../../', 'user/'));//../user/