在spring框架中,主要有以下四种依赖注入的方式
setter方法注入构造器注入静态方法注入实例工厂注入
在实际的运用中主要使用前两种,所以在本文中也主要介绍前两种DI方式
示例1:setter方法依赖注入
目录结构如下:
配置文件bean.xml:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="HelloWorldHelprt" class="com.main.autowrite.DI.HelloWorldHelper"> <property name="helloWorldImpl" ref="helloWorldImpl" /> </bean> <bean id="helloWorldImpl" class="com.main.autowrite.DI.HelloWorldImpl"/></beans>HelloWorld.java
package com.main.autowrite.DI;public interface HelloWorld { public void sayHello();}HelloWorldImpl.java
package com.main.autowrite.DI;public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorld{ public void sayHello() { System.out.println("Hello world"); }}HelloWorldHelper.java
package com.main.autowrite.DI;public class HelloWorldHelper { private HelloWorldImpl helloWorldImpl; public HelloWorldHelper(){ } public void setHelloWorldImpl(HelloWorldImpl helloWorldImpl){ this.helloWorldImpl = helloWorldImpl; } public void sayHello(){ helloWorldImpl.sayHello(); }}测试方法:
@Test public void test(){ applicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/main/autowrite/DI/bean.xml"); HelloWorldHelper helper = (HelloWorldHelper)context.getBean("HelloWorldHelprt"); helper.sayHello(); }例子2:构造器方法依赖注入
在例子1的基础上
修改HelloWorldHelper类如下:
package com.main.autowrite.DI;public class HelloWorldHelper { private HelloWorldImpl helloWorldImpl; public HelloWorldHelper(HelloWorldImpl helloWorldImpl){ this.helloWorldImpl = helloWorldImpl; } public void sayHello(){ helloWorldImpl.sayHello(); }}bean.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd"> <bean id="HelloWorldHelprt" class="com.main.autowrite.DI.HelloWorldHelper"> <constructor-arg> <ref bean="helloWorldImpl" /> </constructor-arg> </bean> <bean id="helloWorldImpl" class="com.main.autowrite.DI.HelloWorldImpl"/></beans>测试方法和例子1的一致,无需更改
两个例子的运行结果均是下图的结果:
如需了解静态工厂以及实例工厂的依赖注入,请点击这里学习
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