3.RabbitMQ教程—特性demo

2019-11-10 17:54:09

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官方文档资料地址

SPRing地址：http://projects.spring.io/spring-amqp/

Spring提供的Demo地址：https://github.com/spring-projects/spring-amqp-samples

中文文档地址：http://rabbitmq.mr-ping.com/

RabbitMQ的6个特性

"Hello World!"

Work queues（工作队列）

Publish/Subscribe（发布订阅）

Routing（路由）

Topics（主题交换机）

RPC（远程调用）

（此6特性不举例说明，请查阅上述中文文档地址和下载spring的demo理解即可）

围绕几个特点给出demo

队列可恢复性，数据可恢复性

// 生产者public static void main(String[] args) { String DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME = "queue_for_durable"; String UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME = "queue_for_undurable"; ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.setHost("10.200.0.150"); factory.setPort(5672); factory.setUsername("root"); factory.setPassWord("123456"); try { Connection connection = factory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); // 声明两个队列，第二个参数表示该队列在rabbit服务器重启后是否自动创建 channel.queueDeclare(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null); channel.queueDeclare(UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, false, false, false, null); // 数据是否可恢复(声明数据为文本类型，可恢复) BasicProperties basicProperties = MessageProperties.PERSISTENT_TEXT_PLAIN; channel.basicPublish("", DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, null, "文本一".getBytes()); channel.basicPublish("", DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, basicProperties, "文本二".getBytes()); channel.basicPublish("", UNDURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, null, "文本三".getBytes()); channel.close(); connection.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}

执行上输代码，rabbit服务器会生成2个队列，持久化队列2条消息，临时队列1条消息；在linux服务器执行rabbit服务重启命令：service rabbitmq-server restart，重启后查看队列状态，此时只有1个持久化队列，且只有1条消息

ack应答机制

// 消费者public static void main(String[] args) { String DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME = "queue_for_durable";// 持久化队列 ConnectionFactory factory = new ConnectionFactory(); factory.setHost("10.200.0.150"); factory.setPort(5672); factory.setUsername("root"); factory.setPassword("123456"); try { Connection connection = factory.newConnection(); Channel channel = connection.createChannel(); channel.queueDeclare(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, true, false, false, null);// 创建消费队列（防止消费者先上线无法找到队列而抛出异常） channel.basicQos(1);// 指定当前接收消息的容量 QueueingConsumer consumer = new QueueingConsumer(channel); /* * 第二个参数如果为true则在接收到消息的一瞬间，rabbit服务器会删除消息

* 为false表明ack应答机制为手动响应，此时消息会存储在rabbit等待应答的队列中，在未收到应答，会重新进入准备状态

*/ String resp = channel.basicConsume(DURABLE_QUEUE_NAME, false, consumer); System.out.println("======：" + resp); QueueingConsumer.Delivery delivery = null; while (null != (delivery = consumer.nextDelivery())) { String message = new String(delivery.getBody()); System.out.println("获取到消息：" + message); // channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);// 手动回应服务器，当前任务执行成功 } } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (TimeoutException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ShutdownSignalException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ConsumerCancelledException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { e.printStackTrace(); }}

执行程序，此时观察rabbit服务器队列状态，持久化队列中的消息处于<待应答>状态，停止程序，此时rabbit服务器队列数据状态恢复到准备状态；打开注释channel.basicAck(delivery.getEnvelope().getDeliveryTag(), false);，执行程序后观察rabbit服务器队列发现数据已被移除；

消息的监听

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns=

"<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi=

"<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:rabbit=

"<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">

<description>rabbitMQ连接服务配置</description>  <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" addresses="10.200.0.150:5672" username="root" password="123456" /> <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />  <bean id="gsonConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" />  <rabbit:queue name="queue_for_durable" /> <rabbit:queue name="queue_for_undurable" />  <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" message-converter="gsonConverter" exchange="directExchange" />  <rabbit:direct-exchange name="directExchange"> <rabbit:bindings> <rabbit:binding queue="queue_for_durable" key="queue_for_durable" /> <rabbit:binding queue="queue_for_undurable" key="queue_for_undurable" /> </rabbit:bindings> </rabbit:direct-exchange>

<!-- 消息接收：DirectListener.java继承MessageListener接口实现onMessage方法即可，concurrency表示并发处理的监听数量 -->

<bean id="directListener" class="com.xiangshang.mq.listener.DirectListener" /> <rabbit:listener-container connection-factory="connectionFactory" message-converter="gsonConverter" concurrency="2" acknowledge="auto"> <rabbit:listener queues="queue_for_durable,queue_for_undurable" ref="directListener" /> </rabbit:listener-container></beans>

junit加载上述文件，使用生产者向队列发送消息，此时可以看到监听器中接收到数据（提示：实现ChannelAwareMessageListener接口，listener也可以实现ack机制，此时acknowledge="manual"）

发布订阅

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns=

"<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"

xmlns:xsi=

"<a href="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

xmlns:rabbit=

"<a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit"

xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit http://www.springframework.org/schema/rabbit/spring-rabbit.xsd

http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans  <a href="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd" "="" style="color: rgb(59, 115, 175); text-decoration: none; border-radius: 0px !important; background: none !important; border: 0px !important; bottom: auto !important; float: none !important; height: auto !important; left: auto !important; line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px !important; outline: 0px !important; overflow: visible !important; padding: 0px !important; position: static !important; right: auto !important; top: auto !important; vertical-align: baseline !important; width: auto !important; box-sizing: content-box !important; min-height: auto !important;">http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-4.0.xsd">

<description>rabbitMQ连接服务配置</description>  <rabbit:connection-factory id="connectionFactory" addresses="10.200.0.150:5672" username="root" password="123456" /> <rabbit:admin connection-factory="connectionFactory" />  <bean id="gsonConverter" class="org.springframework.amqp.support.converter.Jackson2JsonMessageConverter" />  <rabbit:queue name="queue_for_durable" /> <rabbit:queue name="queue_for_undurable" />  <rabbit:template id="rabbitTemplate" connection-factory="connectionFactory" message-converter="gsonConverter" exchange="fanoutExchange" />  <rabbit:fanout-exchange name="fanoutExchange"> <rabbit:bindings> <rabbit:binding queue="queue_for_durable" /> <rabbit:binding queue="queue_for_undurable" /> </rabbit:bindings> </rabbit:fanout-exchange></beans>

junit加载上述文件，使用生产者向队列发送消息，此时在rabbit服务器可以看到发布订阅模式路由下这两个队列，均能收到一条消息

延迟消息队列（参见下一页整合spring的demo）优先级队列（参见下一页整合spring的demo）

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