SSH框架整合——基于XML配置文件

2019-11-11 01:28:06

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SSH框架整合——基于xml配置文件

@(SPRing)[spring, struts2, hibernate, 框架整合, ssh, Spring]

SSH框架整合基于XML配置文件SSH框架整合SSH框架整合的基本环境准备第一步创建web项目引入jar包第二步引入框架的配置文件第三步创建包结构和类第四步将Service和DAO交给Spring管理第五步引入页面SSH整合Struts2和Spring的整合第六步修改页面链接为Struts2所能匹配的格式第七步编写Action中的listCustomer方法第八步Struts2和Spring整合方式一Action由Struts2自身创建第八步Struts2和Spring整合方式二Action交给Spring管理推荐第九步在客户Service中使用客户DaoSSH整合Hibernate和Spring的整合第十步Hibernate和Spring整合方式一带hibernate的配置文件第十步Hibernate和Spring整合方式二不带hibernate的配置文件推荐第十一步添加事务管理Hibernate的模板的API使用Hibernate的模板完成CRUD的操作完成增删改的操作完成查询的操作配置opensessionInView过滤器解决Hibernate懒加载问题配置全站编码过滤器

SSH框架整合

该SSH整合是基于Spring4、Struts2、Hibernate5的。

SSH框架整合的基本环境准备

第一步：创建web项目，引入jar包

标红为整合必须引入的

Struts2

struts-2.3.24/apps/struts2-blank/WEB-INF/lib*.jar —Struts2基本开发包这里写图片描述

struts2-convention-plugin-2.3.24.jar —Struts2的注解开发包struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.jar —Struts2整合Spring的开发包struts2-json-plugin-2.3.24.jar —Struts2整合Ajax的开发包javax.servlet.jsp.jstl-1.2.1.jar — java标准标签库

Hibernate

MySQL-connector-java-5.1.7-bin.jar —数据库驱动hibernate-release-5.0.7.Final/lib/required*.jar —Hibernate必须包这里写图片描述

日志记录

c3p0连接池

注意：在struts2基础包和Hibernate5基础包中javassist-x.jar这个包会有冲突，搭环境时请使用Hibernate中的高版本javassist的包

Spring Spring的基本开发包这里写图片描述

Spring的AOP的开发包这里写图片描述

Spring整合web项目包：spring-web-4.2.4.RELEASE.jarSpring整合Junit项目包 spring-test-4.2.4.RELEASE.jarjunit-4.9.jarSpring的JDBC模板包：spring-jdbc-4.2.4.RELEASE.jarSpring事务管理包：spring-tx-4.2.4.RELEASE.jarSpring整合Hibernate：spring-orm-4.2.4.RELEASE.jar整合c3p0连接池：com.springsource.com.mchange.v2.c3p0-0.9.1.2.jar，需要使用c3p0连接池，可以导入。

如果使用有hibernate配置文件的ssh整合，使用c3p0连接池，需要使用hibernate中c3p0可选包中的三个jar包；如果使用没有hibernate配置文件的ssh整合，使用c3p0连接池，需要使用spring整合c3p0连接池中的jar包。两者不可同用，否则会有冲突。

第二步：引入框架的配置文件

Struts2 web.xml<filter> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping> <filter-name>struts2</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>struts.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"><struts></struts>Hibernate hibernate.cfg.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration> <session-factory> </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>映射文件<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping package=""></hibernate-mapping>Spring web.xml<context-param> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name> <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value></context-param><listener> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener>applicationContext.xml<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"></beans>log4j.properties### direct log messages to stdout ###log4j.appender.stdout=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppenderlog4j.appender.stdout.Target=System.errlog4j.appender.stdout.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.stdout.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### direct messages to file mylog.log ###log4j.appender.file=org.apache.log4j.FileAppenderlog4j.appender.file.File=c/:mylog.loglog4j.appender.file.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayoutlog4j.appender.file.layout.ConversionPattern=%d{ABSOLUTE} %5p %c{1}:%L - %m%n### set log levels - for more verbose logging change 'info' to 'debug' ###log4j.rootLogger=info, stdout

第三步：创建包结构和类

package com.pc.crm.domain;import java.io.Serializable;/** * 客户实体类 * @author Switch */public class Customer implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8501538130746309236L;}package com.pc.crm.web.action;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户Action * @author Switch */public class CustomerAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Customer> { private static final long serialVersionUID = 7878143682430064108L; Customer customer = new Customer(); @Override public Customer getModel() { return this.customer; }}package com.pc.crm.service;/** * 客户服务接口 * @author Switch */public interface CustomerService {}package com.pc.crm.service.impl;import com.pc.crm.service.CustomerService;/** * 客户服务实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerServiceImpl implements CustomerService {}package com.pc.crm.dao;/** * 客户持久层接口 * @author Switch */public interface CustomerDao {}package com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl implements CustomerDao {}

第四步：将Service和DAO交给Spring管理

<bean id="customerService" class="com.pc.crm.service.impl.CustomerServiceImpl"></bean><bean id="customerDao" class="com.pc.crm.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImpl"></bean>

第五步：引入页面

这里只给出一个访问链接，基于JSP的。

SSH整合：Struts2和Spring的整合

第六步：修改页面链接为Struts2所能匹配的格式

第七步：编写Action中的listCustomer方法

package com.pc.crm.web.action;import java.util.List;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;import com.pc.crm.service.CustomerService;/** * 客户Action * @author Switch */public class CustomerAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven<Customer> { private static final long serialVersionUID = 7878143682430064108L; // 客户服务类 CustomerService customerService; // 用于使用值栈特性，在页面中使用 List<Customer> customers = null; public List<Customer> getCustomers() { return customers; } public void setCustomers(List<Customer> customers) { this.customers = customers; } // 模型驱动 Customer customer = new Customer(); @Override public Customer getModel() { return this.customer; } /** * 显示客户列表 * @return */ public String listCustomer() { // 从数据库中获客户列表 customers = customerService.findAllCustomer(); // 转发到客户列表视图 return "list"; }}

第八步：Struts2和Spring整合方式一：Action由Struts2自身创建

引入Struts2和Spring整合的插件包 struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.jar

该jar包下有一个struts-plugin.xml的文件，在该文件中开启了Spring工厂对Action中的属性按照名称自动装配等功能。

<constant name="struts.objectFactory" value="spring" />

该常量在struts2核心包的default.properties文件中，有如下配置

### if specified, the default object factory can be overridden here### Note: short-hand notation is supported in some cases, such as "spring"### Alternatively, you can provide a com.opensymphony.xwork2.ObjectFactory subclass name here# struts.objectFactory = spring### specifies the autoWiring logic when using the SpringObjectFactory.### valid values are: name, type, auto, and constructor (name is the default)struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire = name### indicates to the struts-spring integration if Class instances should be cached### this should, until a future Spring release makes it possible, be left as true### unless you know exactly what you are doing!### valid values are: true, false (true is the default)struts.objectFactory.spring.useClassCache = true### ensures the autowire strategy is always respected.### valid values are: true, false (false is the default)struts.objectFactory.spring.autoWire.alwaysRespect = false### By default SpringObjectFactory doesn't support AOP### This flag was added just temporally to check if nothing is broken### See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/WW-4110struts.objectFactory.spring.enableAopSupport = false

当struts.objectFactory常量启用时，开启对Spring的一系列支持。比如说按名自动装配。

在Action中不需要使用原来的工厂获取，提供set方法即可。// 注入客户服务类CustomerService customerService;public void setCustomerService(CustomerService customerService) { this.customerService = customerService;}/** * customerService未优化 *//* public CustomerAction() { ApplicationContext context = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(ServletActionContext.getServletContext()); customerService = context.getBean("customerService", CustomerService.class);}*/配置Action：Action是Struts2自身创建<package name="customer" extends="struts-default" namespace="/customer">  <action name="*_*" class="com.pc.crm.web.action.CustomerAction" method="{1}{2}">  <result name="list" type="dispatcher">/jsp/customer/list.jsp</result> </action></package>

第八步：Struts2和Spring整合方式二：Action交给Spring管理（推荐）

引入Struts2和Spring整合的插件包

struts2-spring-plugin-2.3.24.jar

将Action交给Spring创建

<bean id="customerAction" class="com.pc.crm.web.action.CustomerAction" scope="prototype"> <property name="customerService" ref="customerService" /></bean>

注意的事项

一定要将Action配置为多例的属性的注入必须手动完成

struts.xml文件中对应action的class属性为bean的id属性

<package name="customer" extends="struts-default" namespace="/customer">  <action name="*_*" class="customerAction" method="{1}{2}">  <result name="list" type="dispatcher">/jsp/customer/list.jsp</result> </action></package>

第九步：在客户Service中使用客户Dao

package com.pc.crm.service.impl;import java.util.List;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;import com.pc.crm.service.CustomerService;/** * 客户服务实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerServiceImpl implements CustomerService { // 注入客户Dao private CustomerDao customerDao; public void setCustomerDao(CustomerDao customerDao) { this.customerDao = customerDao; } @Override public List<Customer> findAllCustomer() { // 查找客户列表 return customerDao.findAllCustomer(); }}<bean id="customerService" class="com.pc.crm.service.impl.CustomerServiceImpl"> <property name="customerDao" ref="customerDao"/></bean>

SSH整合：Hibernate和Spring的整合

第十步：Hibernate和Spring整合方式一：带hibernate的配置文件

创建实体类和映射文件Customer.hbm.xmlpackage com.pc.crm.domain;import java.io.Serializable;/** * 客户实体类 * @author Switch */public class Customer implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8501538130746309236L; private Long custId; private String custName; private String custSource; private String custIndustry; private String custLevel; private String custAddress; private String custPhone; ......}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping package="com.pc.crm.domain"> <class name="Customer" table="cst_customer" lazy="true" batch-size="3"> <id name="custId" column="cust_id" type="java.lang.Long"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="custName" column="cust_name" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custSource" column="cust_source" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custIndustry" column="cust_industry" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custLevel" column="cust_level" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custAddress" column="cust_address" type="java.lang.String" length="128"/> <property name="custPhone" column="cust_phone" type="java.lang.String" length="64"/> </class></hibernate-mapping>配置hibernate.cfg.xml配置文件<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-configuration> <session-factory>  <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mycrm</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property> <property name="hibernate.connection.passWord">123456</property>  <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</property>   <property name="hibernate.show_sql">true</property>  <property name="hibernate.format_sql">true</property>   <property name="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>  <property name="hibernate.connection.provider_class">org.hibernate.connection.C3P0ConnectionProvider</property>  <mapping resource="com/pc/crm/domain/Customer.hbm.xml" /> <mapping resource="com/pc/crm/domain/LinkMan.hbm.xml" /> </session-factory></hibernate-configuration>在Spring中引入Hibernate的配置文件<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean"> <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:hibernate.cfg.xml"/></bean>Spring为了简化Hibernate的开发，提供了Hibernate的模板package com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CustomerDao { @Override public List<Customer> findAllCustomer() { }}<bean id="customerDao" class="com.pc.crm.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImpl">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/></bean>在客户Dao中使用Hibernate的模板package com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CustomerDao { @Override public List<Customer> findAllCustomer() { return (List<Customer>) this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Customer"); }}

第十步：Hibernate和Spring整合方式二：不带hibernate的配置文件（推荐）

创建实体类和映射文件Customer.hbm.xmlpackage com.pc.crm.domain;import java.io.Serializable;/** * 客户实体类 * @author Switch */public class Customer implements Serializable { private static final long serialVersionUID = 8501538130746309236L; private Long custId; private String custName; private String custSource; private String custIndustry; private String custLevel; private String custAddress; private String custPhone; ......}<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN" "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd"><hibernate-mapping package="com.pc.crm.domain"> <class name="Customer" table="cst_customer" lazy="true" batch-size="3"> <id name="custId" column="cust_id" type="java.lang.Long"> <generator class="native"/> </id> <property name="custName" column="cust_name" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custSource" column="cust_source" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custIndustry" column="cust_industry" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custLevel" column="cust_level" type="java.lang.String" length="32"/> <property name="custAddress" column="cust_address" type="java.lang.String" length="128"/> <property name="custPhone" column="cust_phone" type="java.lang.String" length="64"/> </class></hibernate-mapping>替换hibernate.cfg.xml中的相关内容，将其配置在spring中提供数据库属性文件db.propertiesjdbc.driverClass=com.mysql.jdbc.Driverjdbc.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mycrmjdbc.user=rootjdbc.password=123456配置属性持有对象<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>配置数据源<bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"> <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClass}"/> <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}"/> <property name="user" value="${jdbc.user}"/> <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/></bean>替换hibernate配置信息<bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.LocalSessionFactoryBean">  <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>  <property name="hibernateProperties"> <props>  <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>  <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>  <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>  <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> </props> </property>  <property name="mappingLocations" value="classpath:com/pc/crm/domain/*.hbm.xml"/></bean>Spring为了简化Hibernate的开发，提供了Hibernate的模板package com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CustomerDao { @Override public List<Customer> findAllCustomer() { }}<bean id="customerDao" class="com.pc.crm.dao.impl.CustomerDaoImpl">  <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/></bean>在客户Dao中使用Hibernate的模板package com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CustomerDao { @Override public List<Customer> findAllCustomer() { return (List<Customer>) this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Customer"); }}

第十一步：添加事务管理

配置事务管理器<bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.HibernateTransactionManager"> <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/></bean>配置事务通知<tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="transactionManager"> <tx:attributes>   <tx:method name="find*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="get*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="true"/> <tx:method name="save*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/> <tx:method name="*" isolation="REPEATABLE_READ" propagation="REQUIRED" read-only="false"/> </tx:attributes></tx:advice>配置事务AOP<aop:config> <aop:pointcut expression="execution(* com.pc.crm.service.impl.*.*(..))" id="pointcut1"/> <aop:advisor advice-ref="txAdvice" pointcut-ref="pointcut1"/></aop:config>

PS：如果需要配置基于注解的事务，请参考之前的博文《Spring事务管理》。

Hibernate的模板的API

使用Hibernate的模板完成CRUD的操作

完成增删改的操作

Serializable save(Object obj);void update(Object obj);void delete(Object obj);package com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CustomerDao { @Override public void save(Customer customer) { this.getHibernateTemplate().save(customer); } @Override public void update(Customer customer) { this.getHibernateTemplate().update(customer); } @Override public void delete(Customer customer) { this.getHibernateTemplate().delete(customer); }}

完成查询的操作

T get(Class c,Serializable id); / T load(Class c,Serializable id);Listpackage com.pc.crm.dao.impl;import java.util.List;import org.hibernate.criterion.DetachedCriteria;import org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.HibernateDaoSupport;import com.pc.crm.dao.CustomerDao;import com.pc.crm.domain.Customer;/** * 客户持久层接口实现类 * @author Switch */public class CustomerDaoImpl extends HibernateDaoSupport implements CustomerDao { @Override public Customer findById(Long id) { return this.getHibernateTemplate().load(Customer.class, id); } @Override public List<Customer> findAll() { // 使用HQL查询: // List<Customer> list = (List<Customer>) this.getHibernateTemplate().find("from Customer "); // 使用QBC查询:使用DetchedCriteria // DetachedCriteria detachedCriteria = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Customer.class); // List<Customer> list = (List<Customer>) this.getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(detachedCriteria); // 命名查询： List<Customer> list = (List<Customer>) this.getHibernateTemplate().findByNamedQuery("queryAll"); return list; } @Override public List<Customer> findByPage() { DetachedCriteria detachedCriteria = DetachedCriteria.forClass(Customer.class); List<Customer> list = (List<Customer>) this.getHibernateTemplate().findByCriteria(detachedCriteria, 0, 3); return list; }}

配置openSessionInView过滤器，解决Hibernate懒加载问题

<filter> <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate5.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping> <filter-name>OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern></filter-mapping>

PS：将该过滤器放在Struts2核心过滤器上面。

配置全站编码过滤器

<filter> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>  <init-param> <param-name>encoding</param-name> <param-value>UTF-8</param-value> </init-param>  <init-param> <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name> <param-value>true</param-value> </init-param></filter><filter-mapping> <filter-name>CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern></filter-mapping>

PS：将该过滤器放在Struts2核心过滤器上面。

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