Shell函数返回值,一般有3种方式:return,argv,echo
1) return 语句
shell函数的返回值,可以和其他语言的返回值一样,通过return语句返回。
示例:
#!/bin/bash -function mytest(){ echo "arg1 = $1" if [ $1 = "1" ] ;then return 1 else return 0 fi}echo echo "mytest 1"mytest 1echo $? # print return resultecho echo "mytest 0"mytest 0echo $? # print return resultecho echo "mytest 2"mytest 2echo $? # print return resultechoecho "mytest 1 = "`mytest 1`if mytest 1 ; then echo "mytest 1"fiechoecho "mytest 0 = "`mytest 0`if mytest 0 ; then echo "mytest 0"fiechoecho "if fasle" # if 0 is errorif false; then echo "mytest 0"fiechomytest 1res=`echo $?` # get return resultif [ $res = "1" ]; then echo "mytest 1"fiechomytest 0res=`echo $?` # get return resultif [ $res = "0" ]; then echo "mytest 0"fiecho echo "end"
结果:
mytest 1
arg1 = 1
1
mytest 0
arg1 = 0
0
mytest 2
arg1 = 2
0
mytest 1 = arg1 = 1
arg1 = 1
mytest 0 = arg1 = 0
arg1 = 0
mytest 0
if fasle
arg1 = 1
mytest 1
arg1 = 0
mytest 0
end
先定义了一个函数mytest,根据它输入的参数是否为1来return 1或者return 0.
获取函数的返回值通过调用函数,或者最后执行的值获得。
另外,可以直接用函数的返回值用作if的判断。
注意:return只能用来返回整数值,且和c的区别是返回为正确,其他的值为错误。
2) argv全局变量
这种就类似于C语言中的全局变量(或环境变量)。
示例:
#!/bin/bash -g_var=function mytest2(){ echo "mytest2" echo "args $1" g_var=$1 return 0}mytest2 1echo "return $?"echoecho "g_var=$g_var"
结果:
mytest2
args 1
return 0
g_var=1
函数mytest2通过修改全局变量的值,来返回结果。
注: 以上两个方法失效的时候
以上介绍的这两种方法在一般情况下都是好使的,但也有例外。
示例:
#!/bin/bash -function mytest3(){ grep "123" test.txt | awk -F: '{print $2}' | while read line ;do echo "$line" if [ $line = "yxb" ]; then return 0 # return to pipe only fi done echo "mytest3 here " return 1 # return to main process}g_var=function mytest4(){ grep "123" test.txt | awk -F: '{print $2}' | while read line ;do echo "$line" if [ $line = "yxb" ]; then g_var=0 echo "g_var=0" return 0 # return to pipe only fi done echo "mytest4 here " return 1}mytest3echo $?echomytest4echo $?echoecho "g_var=$g_var"
其中,test.txt 文件中的内容如下:
456:kkk
123:yxb
123:test
结果:
新闻热点
疑难解答