Android获取服务器端数据(解析XML)

2019-11-06 09:58:39

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首先服务器端我们需要生成一个xml。（我就用自己的电脑做服务器啦）下面上代码，

实体类

public class FQ { PRivate String name; private String content; private String time; public FQ() { super(); } public FQ(String name, String content, String time) { super(); this.name = name; this.content = content; this.time = time; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getContent() { return content; } public void setContent(String content) { this.content = content; } public String getTime() { return time; } public void setTime(String time) { this.time = time; }}

控制层

@RequestMapping("getXML.xhtml") public String getXml(HttpServletRequest request){ List<FQ> fqs = new ArrayList<FQ>(); for (int i = 1; i <= 100; i++) { Calendar calendar = Calendar.getInstance(); int year = calendar.get(Calendar.YEAR); int month = calendar.get(Calendar.MONTH); int day = calendar.get(Calendar.DAY_OF_MONTH); fqs.add(new FQ("DD" + i, "今天心情不错nice"+i, year + "-" + month + "-" + day)); } request.setAttribute("fqs", fqs); return "getData"; }

我这里用的是SSH框架搭的，就是简单的把一个对象集合放到request域中，然后在jsp页面使用EL表达式遍历出来，下面是JSP 页面遍历的代码

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?><%@ page language="java" contentType="text/xml; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c"%><fqs><c:forEach items="${fqs}" var="fq"> <fq name="${fq.name}"> <content>${fq.content}</content> <time>${fq.time}</time> </fq> </c:forEach> </fqs>

这里注意一点，标签和标签间尽量不要有空格，像上面一样就好啦,接下来连上网运行项目。

Window+r 输入cmd –>ipconfig–>回车 这里写图片描述

这里写图片描述

可以看到ip地址为,192.168.42.253(以自己电脑的为标准)然后浏览器地址栏输入

http://192.168.42.253:8090/front/getXML.xhtml

这里写图片描述

服务器端的XML文件生成好了接下来我们要在安卓端解析这个XML

这里我用的是电脑下的安卓模拟器，打开模拟器的浏览器输入 http://192.168.42.253:8090/front/getXML.xhtml效果如下这里写图片描述

可以看到模拟器也可以访问到这个地址，一个局域网就搭好了

接下来上安卓端代码，我准备拿到这些数据然后放到listview中先是布局文件 activity_main.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:id="@+id/activity_main" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:paddingBottom="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" android:paddingLeft="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:paddingRight="@dimen/activity_horizontal_margin" android:orientation="vertical" android:paddingTop="@dimen/activity_vertical_margin" tools:context="com.example.zy_parsexml.MainActivity"> <Button android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:text="获取XML" android:onClick="getXML" /> <ListView android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:id="@+id/lv_main_list" > </ListView></LinearLayout>

item_listview.xml LIstview的布局

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="horizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent"> <TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" android:text="Large Text" android:id="@+id/tv_item_listview_name" /> <TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" android:text="Large Text" android:id="@+id/tv_item_listview_content" /> <TextView android:layout_width="0dp" android:layout_weight="1" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:textAppearance="?android:attr/textAppearanceLarge" android:text="Large Text" android:id="@+id/tv_item_listview_time" /></LinearLayout>

这个类用来优化listview

public class ItemTag { public TextView tv_name; public TextView tv_content; public TextView tv_time;}

实体类FQ

public class FQ { private String name; private String content; private String time; public FQ() { super(); } public FQ(String name, String content, String time) { super(); this.name = name; this.content = content; this.time = time; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public String getContent() { return content; } public void setContent(String content) { this.content = content; } public String getTime() { return time; } public void setTime(String time) { this.time = time; }}

MainActivity

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity { private ProgressDialog progressDialog; private ListView lv_main_list; String currentTag=null; private List<FQ> lists=new ArrayList<>(); private MyAdapter myAdapter; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); //拿到listView lv_main_list = (ListView) findViewById(R.id.lv_main_list); //创建适配器 myAdapter = new MyAdapter(); //给listView设置适配器 lv_main_list.setAdapter(myAdapter); progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(this); progressDialog.setMessage("正在拼命loading中..."); } //给ListView准备的适配器，这里是内部类 class MyAdapter extends BaseAdapter{ @Override public int getCount() { return lists.size(); } @Override public Object getItem(int i) { return lists.get(i); } @Override public long getItemId(int i) { return i; } @Override public View getView(int i, View view, ViewGroup viewGroup) { if(view==null){ view=LayoutInflater.from(MainActivity.this).inflate(R.layout.item_listview,null); ItemTag itemTag=new ItemTag(); itemTag.tv_content= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_listview_content); itemTag.tv_name= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_listview_name); itemTag.tv_time= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.tv_item_listview_time); view.setTag(itemTag); } ItemTag itemTag= (ItemTag) view.getTag(); itemTag.tv_name.setText(lists.get(i).getName()); itemTag.tv_content.setText(lists.get(i).getContent()); itemTag.tv_time.setText(lists.get(i).getTime()); return view; } } //点击按钮获取网络数据 public void getXML(View view){ // new MyTask().execute(); } //通过继承异步任务类获取网络资源 class MyTask extends AsyncTask{ private FQ fq; private FQ fq1; @Override protected void onPreExecute() { super.onPreExecute(); progressDialog.show(); } @Override protected Object doInBackground(Object[] objects) { final List<FQ> fqs=new ArrayList<>(); //获取网络数据 //01.定义获取网络的数据的路径 String path="http://192.168.42.253:8090/front/getXML.xhtml"; try { //02.实例化Url URL url=new URL(path); //03.获取连接对象 HttpURLConnection conn= (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); //04.设置请求方式 conn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //05.设置请求连接超时的时间 conn.setConnectTimeout(5000); //06.获取响应码 int code=conn.getResponseCode(); if(code==200){ //07.获取返回过来的数据（XML） InputStream is =conn.getInputStream(); //08.测试（删除-注释） //缓冲字符流 String str=null;// BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(is));// while((str=br.readLine())!=null){// Log.i("test",str);// } //09.解析XML //方式：DOM SAX PULL //09.1 使用DOM解析// try {// DocumentBuilderFactory documentBuilderFactory=DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();// DocumentBuilder documentBuilder=documentBuilderFactory.newDocumentBuilder();// Document document=documentBuilder.parse(is);// //获取跟标签// Element root=document.getDocumentElement();// Log.i("test","跟标签："+root.getTagName());//// //Node Element// NodeList nodeList=root.getElementsByTagName("fq");// for (int i = 0; i <nodeList.getLength() ; i++) {// Element element= (Element) nodeList.item(i);// //获取属性name// String name=element.getAttribute("name");//// //获取子标签<content><time>// Element elementContent= (Element) element.getElementsByTagName("content").item(0);// String content=elementContent.getTextContent();//// Element elementTime= (Element) element.getElementsByTagName("time").item(0);// String time=elementTime.getTextContent();// Log.i("test",name+" "+content+" "+time);//// FQ fq=new FQ(name,content,time);// fqs.add(fq);// }// }// catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {// e.printStackTrace();// } catch (SAXException e) {// e.printStackTrace();// } //02.使用SAX解析：特点：边读边解析基于事件（方法）驱动方式 //<name>张三</name>// try {// SAXParserFactory saxParserFactory=SAXParserFactory.newInstance();// SAXParser saxParser=saxParserFactory.newSAXParser();//// saxParser.parse(is,new DefaultHandler(){// @Override// public void startDocument() throws SAXException {// super.startDocument();// }//// @Override// public void endDocument() throws SAXException {// super.endDocument();// }//// @Override// public void startElement(String uri, String localName, String qName, Attributes attributes) throws SAXException {// super.startElement(uri, localName, qName, attributes);// currentTag=localName;// if("fq".equals(localName)){// //实例化对象// fq = new FQ();// String name=attributes.getValue(0);// fq.setName(name);// }//// }//// @Override// public void endElement(String uri, String localName, String qName) throws SAXException {// super.endElement(uri, localName, qName);// //细节：// currentTag=null;// if("fq".equals(localName)){// fqs.add(fq);// }// }//// @Override// public void characters(char[] ch, int start, int length) throws SAXException {// super.characters(ch, start, length);// if("content".equals(currentTag)){// String content=new String(ch,start,length);// fq.setContent(content);// } else if("time".equals(currentTag)){// String time=new String(ch,start,length);// fq.setTime(time);// }// }// });// } catch (ParserConfigurationException e) {// e.printStackTrace();// } catch (SAXException e) {// e.printStackTrace();// } try { //03.使用PULL解析 XmlPullParser pullParser=Xml.newPullParser(); pullParser.setInput(is,"UTF-8"); int type=pullParser.getEventType(); while(type!=XmlPullParser.END_DOCUMENT){ switch (type) { case XmlPullParser.START_TAG: //获取开始标签的名字 String startTagName=pullParser.getName(); if("fq".equals(startTagName)){ fq1 = new FQ(); String name=pullParser.getAttributeValue(0); fq1.setName(name); }else if("content".equals(startTagName)){ String content= pullParser.nextText(); fq1.setContent(content); }else if("time".equals(startTagName)){ String time= pullParser.nextText(); fq1.setTime(time); } break; case XmlPullParser.END_TAG: //获取结束标签的名字 String endTagName=pullParser.getName(); if("fq".equals(endTagName)){ fqs.add(fq1); } break; } type=pullParser.next(); } } catch (XmlPullParserException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } catch (MalformedURLException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return fqs; } //更新UI @Override protected void onPostExecute(Object o) { super.onPostExecute(o); List<FQ> fqs= (List<FQ>) o; lists.addAll(fqs); myAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged(); progressDialog.cancel(); } }}

上面写了解析XML 的3种方式 DOM,SAX,和安卓自带的PULL解析推荐使用SAX和PULL。

最后不要忘记在清单文件中加上联网的权限

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"></uses-permission>

将软件运行到模拟器上看效果图这里写图片描述这样就完成了获取服务器的数据，是不是很简单呢.小伙伴们快去试试吧~