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16、spring AOP通知——Advice

2019-11-08 01:13:57
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16、sPRing AOP通知——Advice

**说明:**spring AOP是一个面向切面的编程框架,也就是拦截器的一个集合,可以劫持一些方法,并在这些方法执行前,执行后或者围绕其他动作进行一些处理或添加以下新功能

主要有以下四种通知方式:

Advice之前——在方法执行前运行Advice之后——在方法执行后运行Advice抛出异常之后——在方法抛出异常之后运行环绕通知——综合运用上述三种方式

在使用Advice通知之前,我们先来建立一个简单的spring例子

目录结构如下:

这里写图片描述

HelloWorld.java

package com.main.AOP;public class HelloWorld { private String name; private String type; public String getName() { return name; } public String getType(){ return type; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public void setType(String type){ this.type = type; } public void printName(){ System.out.println("Name : "+name); } public void printType(){ System.out.println("Type : "+type); } public void printThrowException(){ throw new IllegalArgumentException(); }}

UnitTest.java

package com.main.AOP;import org.junit.Test;import org.springframework.context.applicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathxmlApplicationContext;public class UnitTest { @Test public void test(){ ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("com/main/AOP/bean.xml"); HelloWorld helloworld = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("helloWorld"); System.out.println("-------------------------------"); helloworld.printName(); System.out.println("-------------------------------"); helloworld.printType(); System.out.println("-------------------------------"); try{ helloworld.printThrowException(); }catch(Exception e){ } }}

bean.xml

<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"> <bean id="helloWorld" class="com.main.AOP.HelloWorld"> <property name="name" value="jack"/> <property name="type" value="user"/> </bean></beans>

运行UnitTest的test方法,得到正常结果: 这里写图片描述

spring的简单例子就完成了,下面介绍spring AOP通知——Advice的四种通知方式:

1、之前通知

第一步:新增一个Service 类

AdviceService.java

package com.main.AOP;import java.lang.reflect.Method;import org.springframework.aop.MethodBeforeAdvice;public class AdviceService implements MethodBeforeAdvice{ public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceService : before method advice"); }}

第二步:修改你的bean.xml文件,添加以下代码

<bean id="adviceService" class="com.main.AOP.AdviceService"></bean> <bean id="adviceServiceProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"> <!-- 被拦截的bean --> <property name="target" ref="helloWorld"/> <!-- 代理bean --> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>adviceService</value> </list> </property> </bean>

第三步:修改你的UnitTest类的test方法如下:

HelloWorld helloworld = (HelloWorld)context.getBean("adviceServiceProxy");

运行后结果: 这里写图片描述

解释:helloWorld bean充当被拦截bean,adviceService bean充当代理bean,在被拦截bean的任何方法执行前,代理bean都会调用执行before方法。


2、之后通知

修改你的AdviceService如下 添加一个新接口AfterReturningAdvice,并实现相应方法

public class AdviceService implements MethodBeforeAdvice,AfterReturningAdvice{ public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceService : before method advice"); } public void afterReturning(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2, Object arg3) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceService : after method advice"); }}

运行结果: 这里写图片描述


3、抛出后通知

修改你的AdviceServicelei,新增实现一个接口ThrowsAdvice:

public class AdviceService implements MethodBeforeAdvice,AfterReturningAdvice,ThrowsAdvice { //之前执行的方法 public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceService : before method advice"); } //返回后执行的方法 public void afterReturning(Object arg0, Method arg1, Object[] arg2, Object arg3) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceService : after method advice"); } //抛出异常后执行的方法 public void afterThrowing(IllegalArgumentException e) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceService : Throw exception!"); }}

运行结果: 这里写图片描述


环绕通知(综合上述三种)

为了方便演示和更好理解,这里新建一个类 AdviceAroundService.java

public class AdviceAroundService implements MethodInterceptor{ public Object invoke(MethodInvocation methodInvocation) throws Throwable { System.out.println("AdviceAroundService : 之前执行"); try{ // proceed to original method call Object result = methodInvocation.proceed(); System.out.println("AdviceAroundService : 返回后执行"); return result; }catch(IllegalArgumentException e){ System.out.println("AdviceAroundService : 抛出异常后执行"); throw e; } }}

并且修改你的bean.xml文件如下:

<bean id="adviceAroundService" class="com.main.AOP.AdviceAroundService"></bean> <bean id="adviceServiceProxy" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean"> <!-- 被拦截的bean --> <property name="target" ref="helloWorld"/> <!-- 代理bean --> <property name="interceptorNames"> <list> <value>adviceAroundService</value> </list> </property> </bean>

运行结果:

这里写图片描述


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