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JSTL标签大全详解

2019-11-08 02:52:40
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(尊重劳动成果,转载请注明出处:http://blog.csdn.NET/QQ_25827845/article/details/53311722  冷血之心的博客)

一、JSTL标签介绍

1、什么是JSTL?

        JSTL是apache对EL表达式的扩展(也就是说JSTL依赖EL),JSTL是标签语言!JSTL标签使用以来非常方便,它与jsp动作标签一样,只不过它不是JSP内置的标签,需要我们自己导包,以及指定标签库而已!

       如果你使用MyEclipse开发javaWeb,那么在把项目发布到Tomcat时,你会发现,MyEclipse会在lib目录下存放jstl的Jar包!如果你没有使用MyEclipse开发那么需要自己来导入这个JSTL的Jar包:jstl-1.2.jar。

2、JSTL标签库:

JSTL一共包含四大标签库:

core:核心标签库,我们学习的重点;fmt:格式化标签库,只需要学习两个标签即可;sql:数据库标签库,不需要学习了,它过时了;xml:xml标签库,不需要学习了,它过时了。

3、使用taglib指令导入标签库:

除了JSP动作标签外,使用其他第三方的标签库都需要:

导包;在使用标签的JSP页面中使用taglib指令导入标签库;

下面是导入JSTL的core标签库:

[html] view plain copy PRint?在CODE上查看代码片<%@ taglib prefix=”c”uri=”http://java.sun.com/jstl/core” %>  
<%@ taglib prefix="c"uri="http://java.sun.com/jstl/core" %>

prefix=”c”:指定标签库的前缀,这个前缀可以随便给值,但大家都会在使用core标签库时指定前缀为c;uri=”http://java.sun.com/jstl/core”:指定标签库的uri,它不一定是真实存在的网址,但它可以让JSP找到标签库的描述文件;

4、core标签库常用标签:

(1)out和set标签

<c:out value=”aaa”/>

输出aaa字符串常量

<c:out value=”{aaa}”/&gt;</p></td>  <td valign="top"><p>与{aaa}相同

<c:out value=”{aaa}” default=”xxx”/&gt;</p></td>  <td valign="top"><p>当{aaa}不存在时,输出xxx字符串

<%

request.setAttribute(“a”,”<script>alert(‘hello’);</script>”);

%>

<c:out value=”{a }"  default="xxx" escapeXml="false" /&gt;</p></td>  <td valign="top"><p>当escapeXml为false,不会转换“&lt;”、“&gt;”。这可能会受到<a href="http://lib.csdn.net/base/Javascript" class="replace_Word" title="JavaScript知识库" target="_blank" style="color:#df3434; font-weight:bold;">JavaScript</a>攻击。</p></td> </tr></tbody></table><br><table border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr>  <td valign="top"><p>&lt;c:set var=”a” value=”hello”/&gt;</p></td>  <td valign="top"><p><a target="_blank" name="OLE_LINK2"></a>&nbsp; &nbsp; 在pageContext中添加name为a,value为hello的数据。</p></td> </tr> <tr>  <td valign="top"><p>&lt;c:set var=”a” value=”hello” scope=”session”/&gt;</p></td>  <td valign="top"><p>在session中添加name为a,value为hello的数据。</p></td> </tr></tbody></table><p></p><p>&nbsp;</p><br><p><span style="font-size:18px;"><strong>(2)remove标签</strong></span></p><p></p><table border="1" width="600" height="300" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"><tbody><tr><td><p align="left">&lt;%</p><p align="left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; pageContext.setAttribute("a","pageContext");</p><p align="left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; request.setAttribute("a","session");</p><p align="left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; session.setAttribute("a","session");</p><p align="left">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; application.setAttribute("a","application");</p><p align="left">&nbsp; %&gt;</p><p align="left">&nbsp; &nbsp; &lt;c: remove var="a"/&gt;</p><p align="left">&nbsp; &nbsp; &lt;c: out value="{a}” default=”none”/>

删除所有域中name为a的数据!
<c:remove var=”a” scope=”page”/>删除pageContext中name为a的数据 

(3)url标签:该标签会在需要重写URL时添加。

<c:url value=”/”/>

     输出上下文路径:/项目名/

<c:url value=”/” var=”a” scope=”request”/>

    把本该输出的结果赋给变量a。范围为request

<c:url value=”/AServlet”/>

     输出:/项目名/AServlet

<c:url value=”/AServlet”>

<c:param name=”username” value=”abc”/>

<c:param name=”password” value=”123”/>                   

     输出:/项目名/AServlet?username=abc&password=123

     如果参数中包含中文,那么会自动使用URL编码!                       

(4)if标签:

if标签的test属性必须是一个boolean类型的值,如果test的值为true,那么执行if标签的内容,否则不执行。

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<c:set var=“a” value=“hello”/>  <c:if test=“{not&nbsp;empty&nbsp;a&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{not empty a }">      <c:out value="{a }”/>  </c:if>  
<c:set var="a" value="hello"/><c:if test="${not empty a }">    <c:out value="${a }"/></c:if>(5)choose标签:

choose标签对应Java中的if/else if/else结构。when标签的test为true时,会执行这个when的内容。当所有when标签的test都为false时,才会执行otherwise标签的内容。

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<c:set var=“score” value=“{param.score&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:choose</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:when</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{param.score }"/>  <c:choose>      <c:when test="{score > 100 || score < 0}”>错误的分数:{score&nbsp;}</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:when</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:when</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{score }</c:when>      <c:when test="{score >= 90 }”>A级</c:when>      <c:when test=“{score&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;80&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>B级</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:when</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:when</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{score >= 80 }">B级</c:when>      <c:when test="{score >= 70 }”>C级</c:when>      <c:when test=“{score&nbsp;&gt;=&nbsp;60&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>D级</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:when</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:otherwise</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>E级</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:otherwise</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:choose</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li></ol><div class="save_code tracking-ad" data-mod="popu_249"><a href="javascript:;" target="_blank"><img src="http://s1.VeVb.com/20170221/y3t4p23c2rm45.png"></a></div></div><pre code_snippet_id="2003793" snippet_file_name="blog_20161123_2_7297329" name="code" class="html" style="display: none;">&lt;c:set var="score" value="{param.score }”/><c:choose> <c:when test=”{score &gt; 100 || score &lt; 0}"&gt;错误的分数:{score }</c:when> <c:when test=”score>=90”>A级</c:when><c:whentest=”{score >= 80 }”>B级</c:when> <c:when test=”score>=70”>C级</c:when><c:whentest=”{score >= 60 }”>D级</c:when> <c:otherwise>E级</c:otherwise></c:choose>

(6)forEach标签:

forEach当前就是循环标签了,forEach标签有多种两种使用方式:

使用循环变量,指定开始和结束值,类似for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++) {};循环遍历集合,类似for(Object o : 集合);

循环变量:

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<c:set var=“sum” value=“0” />   <c:forEach var=“i” begin=“1” end=“10”>       <c:set var=“sum” value=“{sum&nbsp;+&nbsp;i}"</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:forEach</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"sum&nbsp;=&nbsp;{sum + i}" />   </c:forEach>  <c:out value="sum = {sum }”/>  <c:set var=“sum” value=“0” />  <c:forEach var=“i” begin=“1” end=“10” step =“2”>      <c:set var=“sum” value=“{sum&nbsp;+&nbsp;i}"</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class="alt"><span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:forEach</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"sum&nbsp;=&nbsp;{sum + i}" />  </c:forEach>  <c:out value="sum = {sum }”/>  
<c:set var="sum" value="0" /> <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="10">     <c:set var="sum" value="${sum + i}" /> </c:forEach><c:out value="sum = ${sum }"/><c:set var="sum" value="0" /><c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="10" step ="2">    <c:set var="sum" value="${sum + i}" /></c:forEach><c:out value="sum = ${sum }"/>

遍历集合或数组方式:

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%  String[] names = {“zhangSan”, “liSi”, “wangWu”, “zhaoLiu”};  pageContext.setAttribute(“ns”, names);  %>  <c:forEach var=“item” items=“{ns&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"name:&nbsp;{ns }">      <c:out value="name: {item }”/><br/>  </c:forEach>  
<%String[] names = {"zhangSan", "liSi", "wangWu", "zhaoLiu"};pageContext.setAttribute("ns", names);%><c:forEach var="item" items="${ns }">    <c:out value="name: ${item }"/><br/></c:forEach>

遍历List:

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%      List<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();      names.add(“zhangSan”);      names.add(“liSi”);      names.add(“wangWu”);      names.add(“zhaoLiu”);      pageContext.setAttribute(“ns”, names);  %>  <c:forEach var=“item” items=“{ns&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"name:&nbsp;{ns }">      <c:out value="name: {item }”/><br/>  </c:forEach>  
<%    List<String> names = new ArrayList<String>();    names.add("zhangSan");    names.add("liSi");    names.add("wangWu");    names.add("zhaoLiu");    pageContext.setAttribute("ns", names);%><c:forEach var="item" items="${ns }">    <c:out value="name: ${item }"/><br/></c:forEach>

遍历Map:

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%      Map<String,String> stu = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();      stu.put(“number”, “N_1001”);      stu.put(“name”, “zhangSan”);      stu.put(“age”, “23”);      stu.put(“sex”, “male”);      pageContext.setAttribute(“stu”, stu);  %>  <c:forEach var=“item” items=“{stu&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{stu }">      <c:out value="{item.key }: ${item.value }”/><br/>  </c:forEach>  
<%    Map<String,String> stu = new LinkedHashMap<String,String>();    stu.put("number", "N_1001");    stu.put("name", "zhangSan");    stu.put("age", "23");    stu.put("sex", "male");    pageContext.setAttribute("stu", stu);%><c:forEach var="item" items="${stu }">    <c:out value="${item.key }: ${item.value }"/><br/></c:forEach>

forEach标签还有一个属性:varStatus,这个属性用来指定接收“循环状态”的变量名,例如:<forEach varStatus=”vs” …/>,这时就可以使用vs这个变量来获取循环的状态了。

count:int类型,当前以遍历元素的个数;index:int类型,当前元素的下标;first:boolean类型,是否为第一个元素;last:boolean类型,是否为最后一个元素;current:Object类型,表示当前项目。

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<c:forEach var=“item” items=“{ns&nbsp;}"</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">varStatus</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"vs"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:if</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{ns }" varStatus="vs">      <c:if test="{vs.first }”>第一行:</c:if>      <c:if test=“{vs.last&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>最后一行:</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">c:if</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"第{vs.last }">最后一行:</c:if>      <c:out value="第{vs.count }行: ”/>      <c:out value=“[{vs.index&nbsp;}]:&nbsp;"</span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">c:out</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"name:&nbsp;{vs.index }]: "/>      <c:out value="name: {vs.current }”/><br/>  </c:forEach>  
<c:forEach var="item" items="${ns }" varStatus="vs">    <c:if test="${vs.first }">第一行:</c:if>    <c:if test="${vs.last }">最后一行:</c:if>    <c:out value="第${vs.count }行: "/>    <c:out value="[${vs.index }]: "/>    <c:out value="name: ${vs.current }"/><br/></c:forEach>5、fmt标签库常用标签:

      fmt标签库是用来格式化输出的,通常需要格式化的有时间和数字。

格式化时间:

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%@ taglib prefix=“fmt” uri=“http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt” %>  ……  <%      Date date = new Date();      pageContext.setAttribute(“d”, date);  %>  <fmt:formatDate value=“${d }” pattern=“yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss”/>  
<%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt" %>......<%    Date date = new Date();    pageContext.setAttribute("d", date);%><fmt:formatDate value="${d }" pattern="yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"/>格式化数字:

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%      double d1 = 3.5;      double d2 = 4.4;       pageContext.setAttribute(“d1”, d1);      pageContext.setAttribute(“d2”, d2);  %>  <fmt:formatNumber value=“{d1&nbsp;}"</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">pattern</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"0.00"</span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">br</span><span class="tag">/&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">fmt:formatNumber</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">value</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{d1 }" pattern="0.00"/><br/>  <fmt:formatNumber value="{d2 }” pattern=“#.##”/>  
<%    double d1 = 3.5;    double d2 = 4.4;     pageContext.setAttribute("d1", d1);    pageContext.setAttribute("d2", d2);%><fmt:formatNumber value="${d1 }" pattern="0.00"/><br/><fmt:formatNumber value="${d2 }" pattern="#.##"/>

介绍了JSTL中的常用标签,那可以定义自己的标签吗?

答案是:可以。

二、自定义标签

1、自定义标签

1.1步骤:

其实我们在JSP页面中使用标签就等于调用某个对象的某个方法一样,例如:<c:if test=””>,这就是在调用对象的方法一样。自定义标签其实就是自定义类一样!

定义标签处理类:必须是Tag或SimpleTag的实现类;编写标签库描述符文件(TLD);

  SimpleTag接口是JSP2.0中新给出的接口,用来简化自定义标签,所以现在我们基本上都是使用SimpleTag。

Tag是老的,传统的自定义标签时使用的接口,现在不建议使用它了。

 

1.2 SimpleTag接口介绍:

SimpleTag接口内容如下:

void doTag():标签执行方法;JspTag getParent():获取父标签;void setParent(JspTag parent):设置父标签void setJspContext(JspContext context):设置PageContextvoid setJspBody(JspFragment jspBody):设置标签体对象;

 

请记住,万物皆对象!在JSP页面中的标签也是对象!你可以通过查看JSP的源码,清楚的知道,所有标签都会变成对象的方法调用。标签对应的类我们称之为“标签处理类”!

标签的生命周期:

1、当容器(Tomcat)第一次执行到某个标签时,会创建标签处理类的实例;

2、然后调用setJspContext(JspContext)方法,把当前JSP页面的pageContext对象传递给这个方法;

3、如果当前标签有父标签,那么使用父标签的标签处理类对象调用setParent(JspTag)方法;

4、如果标签有标签体,那么把标签体转换成JspFragment对象,然后调用setJspBody()方法;

5、每次执行标签时,都调用doTag()方法,它是标签处理方法

HelloTag.java

[java] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片public class HelloTag implements SimpleTag {      private JspTag parent;      private PageContext pageContext;      private JspFragment jspBody;            public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {          pageContext.getOut().print(”Hello Tag!!!”);      }      public void setParent(JspTag parent) {          this.parent = parent;      }      public JspTag getParent() {          return this.parent;      }      public void setJspContext(JspContext pc) {          this.pageContext = (PageContext) pc;      }      public void setJspBody(JspFragment jspBody) {          this.jspBody = jspBody;      }  }  
public class HelloTag implements SimpleTag {    private JspTag parent;    private PageContext pageContext;    private JspFragment jspBody;    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {        pageContext.getOut().print("Hello Tag!!!");    }    public void setParent(JspTag parent) {        this.parent = parent;    }    public JspTag getParent() {        return this.parent;    }    public void setJspContext(JspContext pc) {        this.pageContext = (PageContext) pc;    }    public void setJspBody(JspFragment jspBody) {        this.jspBody = jspBody;    }}

1.3 标签库描述文件(TLD)

标签库描述文件是用来描述当前标签库中的标签的!标签库描述文件的扩展名为tld,你可以把它放到WEB-INF下,这样就不会被客户端直接访问到了。

hello.tld

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<?xml version=“1.0” encoding=“UTF-8”?>  <taglib version=“2.0” xmlns=“http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee”      xmlns:xml=“http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace”       xmlns:xsi=“http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance”      xsi:schemaLocation=”http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee                           http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd ”>        <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>      <short-name>ywq</short-name>      <uri>http://www.ywq.cn/tags</uri>      <tag>          <name>hello</name>          <tag-class>cn.ywq.tag.HelloTag</tag-class>          <body-content>empty</body-content>      </tag>  </taglib>  
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><taglib version="2.0" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"    xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee                         http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-jsptaglibrary_2_0.xsd ">    <tlib-version>1.0</tlib-version>    <short-name>ywq</short-name>    <uri>http://www.ywq.cn/tags</uri>    <tag>        <name>hello</name>        <tag-class>cn.ywq.tag.HelloTag</tag-class>        <body-content>empty</body-content>    </tag></taglib>

1.4 使用标签

在页面中使用标签分为两步:

使用taglib导入标签库;使用标签;

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%@ taglib prefix=“it” uri=“/WEB-INF/hello.tld” %>  ……  <it:hello/>  
<%@ taglib prefix="it" uri="/WEB-INF/hello.tld" %>......<it:hello/>

2、自定义标签进阶

2.1 继承SimpleTagSupport

  继承SimpleTagSuppport要比实现SimpleTag接口方便太多了,现在你只需要重写doTag()方法,其他方法都已经被SimpleTagSuppport完成了。

[java] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport {      public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {          this.getJspContext().getOut().write(“<p>Hello SimpleTag!</p>”);      }  }  
public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport {    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {        this.getJspContext().getOut().write("<p>Hello SimpleTag!</p>");    }}

2.2 有标签体的标签

我们先来看看标签体内容的可选值:

<body-content>元素的可选值有:

empty:无标签体。JSP:传统标签支持它,SimpleTag已经不再支持使用<body-content>JSP</body-content>。标签体内容可以是任何东西:EL、JSTL、<%=%>、<%%>,以及html;scriptless:标签体内容不能是Java脚本,但可以是EL、JSTL等。在SimpleTag中,如果需要有标签体,那么就使用该选项;tagdependent:标签体内容不做运算,由标签处理类自行处理,无论标签体内容是EL、JSP、JSTL,都不会做运算。这个选项几乎没有人会使用!

 

自定义有标签体的标签需要:

获取标签体对象:JspFragment jspBody = getJspBody();;把标签体内容输出到页面:jspBody.invoke(null);tld中指定标签内容类型:scriptless。

[java] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport {      public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {          PageContext pc = (PageContext) this.getJspContext();          HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) pc.getRequest();          String s = req.getParameter(”exec”);          if(s != null && s.endsWith(“true”)) {              JspFragment body = this.getJspBody();              body.invoke(null);          }      }  }  
public class HelloTag extends SimpleTagSupport {    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {        PageContext pc = (PageContext) this.getJspContext();        HttpServletRequest req = (HttpServletRequest) pc.getRequest();        String s = req.getParameter("exec");        if(s != null && s.endsWith("true")) {            JspFragment body = this.getJspBody();            body.invoke(null);        }    }}[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<tag>          <name>hello</name>          <tag-class>cn.ywq.tags.HelloTag</tag-class>          <body-content>scriptless</body-content>      </tag>  
<tag>        <name>hello</name>        <tag-class>cn.ywq.tags.HelloTag</tag-class>        <body-content>scriptless</body-content>    </tag>

[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<itcast:hello>          <h1>哈哈哈~</h1>     </itcast:hello>  
 <itcast:hello>        <h1>哈哈哈~</h1>    </itcast:hello>

2.3 不执行标签下面的页面内容

  如果希望在执行了自定义标签后,不再执行JSP页面下面的东西,那么就需要在doTag()方法中使用SkipPageException。

[java] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片public class SkipTag extends SimpleTagSupport {      public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {          this.getJspContext().getOut().print(“<h1>只能看到我!</h1>”);          throw new SkipPageException();      }  }  
public class SkipTag extends SimpleTagSupport {    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {        this.getJspContext().getOut().print("<h1>只能看到我!</h1>");        throw new SkipPageException();    }}[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<tag>      <name>skip</name>      <tag-class>cn.ywq.tags.SkipTag</tag-class>      <body-content>empty</body-content>  </tag>  
    <tag>        <name>skip</name>        <tag-class>cn.ywq.tags.SkipTag</tag-class>        <body-content>empty</body-content>    </tag>[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<itcast:skip/>  <h1>看不见我!</h1>  
  <itcast:skip/>  <h1>看不见我!</h1>

2.4 带有属性的标签

一般标签都会带有属性,例如<c:iftest=””>,其中test就是一个boolean类型的属性。完成带有属性的标签需要:

在处理类中给出JavaBean属性(提供get/set方法);在TLD中部属相关属性。

[java] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片public class IfTag extends SimpleTagSupport {      private boolean test;      public boolean isTest() {          return test;      }      public void setTest(boolean test) {          this.test = test;      }      @Override      public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {          if(test) {              this.getJspBody().invoke(null);          }      }  }  
public class IfTag extends SimpleTagSupport {    private boolean test;    public boolean isTest() {        return test;    }    public void setTest(boolean test) {        this.test = test;    }    @Override    public void doTag() throws JspException, IOException {        if(test) {            this.getJspBody().invoke(null);        }    }}[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<tag>           <name>if</name>           <tag-class>cn.ywq.IfTag</tag-class>           <body-content>scriptless</body-content>          <attribute>              <name>test</name>              <required>true</required>              <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>          </attribute>       </tag>  
<tag>         <name>if</name>         <tag-class>cn.ywq.IfTag</tag-class>         <body-content>scriptless</body-content>        <attribute>            <name>test</name>            <required>true</required>            <rtexprvalue>true</rtexprvalue>        </attribute>     </tag>[html] view plain copy print?在CODE上查看代码片<%      pageContext.setAttribute(“one”, true);      pageContext.setAttribute(“two”, false);  %>  <it:if test=“{one&nbsp;}"</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>xixi</span><span class="tag">&lt;/</span><span class="tag-name">it:if</span><span class="tag">&gt;</span><span>&nbsp;&nbsp;</span></span></li><li class=""><span><span class="tag">&lt;</span><span class="tag-name">it:if</span><span>&nbsp;</span><span class="attribute">test</span><span>=</span><span class="attribute-value">"{one }">xixi</it:if>  <it:if test="{two }”>haha</it:if>  <it:if test=“true”>hehe</it:if>  
<%    pageContext.setAttribute("one", true);    pageContext.setAttribute("two", false);%><it:if test="${one }">xixi</it:if><it:if test="${two }">haha</it:if><it:if test="true">hehe</it:if>

关于JSTL标签相关内容就到这里了,如果对你有帮助,记得点赞哦~


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