问题: 1:Handle Thread Loop,MessageQueue的关系,他们是如何绑定的?
2:怎么指定线程处理Handle 发送的消息?
3:HandlerThread 与Thread 的区别,如何使用?
================================================== 解析: Thread 是普通线程类,可以独立使用,跟java一样;
Loop:循环器,持有一个线程,跟一个MessageQueue, loop作用使Thread变成HandleThread,HandleThread就是循环工作的线程。在程序开发中(尤其是GUI开发中),我们经常会需要一个线程不断循环,一旦有新任务则执行,执行完继续等待下一个任务;
Handle: 消息发送,处理器,绑定一个Loop,发送消息由Loop执行放到MessageQueue,特定时候由Loop取出 交给对应的handle处理;
绑定关系: 1:handler初始化会绑定一个Loop,默认是获得当前线程的Loop;
public Handler(Looper looper, Callback callback, boolean async) { mLooper = looper; mQueue = looper.mQueue; mCallback = callback; mAsynchronous = async;}public Handler(Callback callback, boolean async) { if (FIND_POTENTIAL_LEAKS) { final Class<? extends Handler> klass = getClass(); if ((klass.isAnonymousClass() || klass.isMemberClass() || klass.isLocalClass()) &&(klass.getModifiers() & Modifier.STATIC) == 0) { } } mLooper = Looper.myLooper(); if (mLooper == null) { throw new RuntimeException( "Can't create handler inside thread that has not called Looper.PRepare()"); } mQueue = mLooper.mQueue; mCallback = callback; mAsynchronous = async;}所以初始化Handler时可以传入指定Loop,之后handler发送的消息都将交由该Loop处理!不传入将获取绑定当前线程的Loop!
2:Loop Loop.prepare() 会绑定当前线程,并且创建一个新的MessageQueue
//Loop 静态成员属性static final ThreadLocal<Looper> sThreadLocal = new ThreadLocal<Looper>();//loop.prepare()private static void prepare(boolean quitAllowed) { if (sThreadLocal.get() != null) { throw new RuntimeException("Only one Looper may be created per thread"); } sThreadLocal.set(new Looper(quitAllowed));}//构造函数private Looper(boolean quitAllowed) { mQueue = new MessageQueue(quitAllowed); mThread = Thread.currentThread();}总结关系: 1:handler 持有一个Loop(有且只有一个,默认为绑定当前线程的Loop); 2:Loop 持有 Thread(有且只有一个),跟MessageQueue;(有且只有一个) 3:Loop.prepare() 会绑定当前线程,并且创建一个新的MessageQueue 4:一个Loop可以被多个handler 持有!! 5:handler发送的message 消息体会绑定自己标记,下次Loop取出Message时会跟进绑定的tag交回给对应handler
关系 :多个handler对应一个Loop对应一条线程对应一个MessageQueue!
HandlerThread :循环处理消息线程,内部与Loop绑定,对外提供本线程的loop, 与Handle 配合使用,在Handle初始化时可获得该线程对应Loop进行初始化;
//HandlerThread run方法:@Overridepublic void run() { mTid = Process.myTid(); Looper.prepare(); synchronized (this) { mLooper = Looper.myLooper(); notifyAll(); } Process.setThreadPriority(mPriority); onLooperPrepared(); Looper.loop(); mTid = -1;}//获取Looppublic Looper getLooper() { if (!isAlive()) { return null; } // If the thread has been started, wait until the looper has been created. synchronized (this) { while (isAlive() && mLooper == null) { try { wait(); } catch (InterruptedException e) { } } } return mLooper;}使用:
//创建循环线程HandlerThread handlerThread= new HandlerThread("tag");handlerThread.start();//初始化Handler 传入 HandlerThsread 的loopHandler handler=new Handler(handlerThread.getLooper()){@Overridepublic void handleMessage(Message msg) {super.handleMessage(msg);//TODO 这里的代码都会在handlerThread 子线程执行!!!}};这样使用handle 发送的消息都会被HandlerThread处理,且 handlerThread将一直阻塞轮询,直到调用 quit()方法!
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