IOS开发基础知识--碎片13

解决办法：项目—>targets->build settings->build options->changed the value of the "Compiler for C/C++/Objective-C" to Default Compiler. 

1.1如图引用的是.framework形式开发包时，引入的命名空间则是#import <BaiduMapAPI/BMapKit.h>//引入所有的头文件#import <BaiduMapAPI/BMKMapView.h>//只引入所需的单个头文件如果是引入用的是.a形式开发包时，引入的命名空间则是#import “BMapKit.h"1.2百度地图现在提供的两个.framework的包，一个是真机一个是测试机，可以使用终端的命令把它合成一个；

- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];        //百度地图初始化    _mapView=[[BMKMapView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT-NAVBARHEIGHT)];    _mapView.delegate=self;    [self.view addSubview:_mapView];        //标出坐标点    [self addPointAnnotation];}//添加标注- (void)addPointAnnotation{    for (int i=0; i<self.coordinates.count; i++) {        coordinateBean *model=self.coordinates[i];                BMKPointAnnotation* pointAnnotation = [[BMKPointAnnotation alloc]init];        CLLocationCoordinate2D coor;        coor.latitude = model.latitude;        coor.longitude = model.longitude;        pointAnnotation.coordinate = coor;                //通过title来起到传值的作用        pointAnnotation.title=[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%d",i];        [_mapView addAnnotation:pointAnnotation];        //显示弹出窗        [_mapView selectAnnotation:pointAnnotation animated:YES];                                //判断那个是中心，没有则0必传参数        if (i==self.selectIndex) {            BMKCoordinateRegion region; ////表示范围的结构体            region.center.latitude  = model.latitude;// 中心中            region.center.longitude = model.longitude;            region.span.latitudeDelta = 0;//经度范围（设置为0.1表示显示范围为0.2的纬度范围）            region.span.longitudeDelta = 0;//纬度范围                        [_mapView setRegion:region];        }    }}//处理自定义弹出视图- (BMKAnnotationView *)mapView:(BMKMapView *)mapView viewForAnnotation:(id <BMKAnnotation>)annotation{    if ([annotation isKindOfClass:[BMKPointAnnotation class]]) {        BMKPinAnnotationView *newAnnotationView = [[BMKPinAnnotationView alloc] initWithAnnotation:annotation reuseIdentifier:@"myrenameMark"];        newAnnotationView.pinColor = BMKPinAnnotationColorPurple;        newAnnotationView.animatesDrop = YES;// 设置该标注点动画显示               newAnnotationView.image = [UIImage imageNamed:self.mapPointImageName];   //把大头针换成别的图片                int selectIndex=[((BMKPointAnnotation *)annotation).title intValue];        //获得值        coordinateBean *model=[self.coordinates objectAtIndex:[((BMKPointAnnotation *)annotation).title intValue]];                        UIView *popView=[[UIView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 3, 100, 20)];                UIImage *img=[UIImage imageNamed:@"mapViewBackground"];        UIEdgeInsets edge=UIEdgeInsetsMake(0, 20, 0, 10);        img=[img resizableImageWithCapInsets:edge resizingMode:UIImageResizingModeStretch];        UIImageView *myimage=[[UIImageView alloc] initWithImage:img];        myimage.frame=CGRectMake(30, 0, 100, 40);        myimage.userInteractionEnabled=YES;                [popView addSubview:myimage];                        //自定义显示的内容        UILabel *driverName = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 3, 100, 15)];        driverName.backgroundColor=[UIColor clearColor];        driverName.text=model.title;        driverName.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];        driverName.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];        driverName.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;        [myimage addSubview:driverName];                UILabel *carName = [[UILabel alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 18, 100, 15)];        carName.backgroundColor=[UIColor clearColor];        carName.text=model.comments;        carName.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];        carName.textColor = [UIColor blackColor];        carName.textAlignment = NSTextAlignmentLeft;        [myimage addSubview:carName];                        BMKActionPaopaoView *pView = [[BMKActionPaopaoView alloc]initWithCustomView:popView];        pView.frame = CGRectMake(0, 0, 100, 40);        ((BMKPinAnnotationView*)newAnnotationView).paopaoView = nil;        ((BMKPinAnnotationView*)newAnnotationView).paopaoView = pView;        newAnnotationView.tag=selectIndex+10;                return newAnnotationView;    }    return nil;}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];    // Dispose of any resources that can be recreated.}/** *  @author wujunyang, 15-05-12 13:05:05 * *  @brief  跟对百度地图的处理 *  @param animated <#animated description#> */-(void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{    [_mapView viewWillAppear];    _mapView.delegate=self;    _locationService.delegate=self;}/** *  @author wujunyang, 15-01-06 10:01:53 * *  跟对百度地图的处理 * *  @param animated <#animated description#> */-(void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated{    [_mapView viewWillDisappear];    _mapView.delegate=nil;    _locationService.delegate=nil；}其中有个自定义model:@interface coordinateBean : NSObject//纬度@PRoperty(assign,nonatomic)float latitude;//经度@property(assign,nonatomic)float longitude;//标题@property(strong,nonatomic)NSString *title;//注解@property(strong,nonatomic)NSString *comments;@end

toolbar属性、toolbarItems与上一讲的navigationBar、navigationItem类似。只不过toolbarItems没有navigationItem的左右区分，它就自己一个人在做事，相当于没有下属。可以在toolbar上设置很多，比如背景颜色、背景图片、背景样式、大小位置（不过有些貌似设置无效），当然和navigationBar一样，对于它的是否显示和隐藏是由它的老爸即navigationController控制的。所以[self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:YES animated:YES];也会把底部的toolBarItems给隐藏起来，如果要隐藏导航又不想底部toolBarItems被隐藏掉，可以用普通的view替代toolBarItems;首先在viewDidLoad里设置toolBarHidden = NO, 默认是YES（隐藏的）为了让toolbar显示，需要设置为NO（不隐藏）。- (void)viewDidLoad{    [super viewDidLoad];    self.title = @"隐藏导航栏";    // self.toolbarItems    self.navigationController.toolbar.barStyle = self.toolBar.barStyle;    self.navigationController.toolbarHidden = NO;    [self.navigationController.toolbar setTranslucent:YES];     self.toolbarItems = [[[NSMutableArray alloc] initWithArray:self.toolBar.items] autorelease];} 在点击中间button的时候的显示和隐藏navigation bar和toolBar实现代码如下：- (IBAction)toggleNavigationBar:(id)sender{    //Check the current state of the navigation bar...    BOOL navBarState = [self.navigationController isNavigationBarHidden];    //Set the navigationBarHidden to the opposite of the current state.    [self.navigationController setNavigationBarHidden:!navBarState animated:YES];    [self.navigationController setToolbarHidden:!navBarState animated:YES];    //Change the label on the button.    if (navBarState)    {        [button setTitle:@"隐藏 Navigationr and toolbar" forState:UIControlStateNormal];        [button setTitle:@"隐藏 Navigation Bar toolbar" forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];    }    else    {        [button setTitle:@"显示 Navigation Bar toolbar" forState:UIControlStateNormal];        [button setTitle:@"显示 Navigation Bar toolbar" forState:UIControlStateHighlighted];    }}

在viewDidload里面只做addSubview的事情，然后在viewWillAppear里面做布局的事情，最后在viewDidAppear里面做Notification的监听之类的事情。至于属性的初始化，则交给getter去做。@interface CustomObject()@property (nonatomic, strong) UILabel *label;@end@implement#pragma mark - life cycle- (void)viewDidLoad{    [super viewDidLoad];    [self.view addSubview:self.label];}- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated{    [super viewWillAppear:animated];    self.label.frame = CGRectMake(1, 2, 3, 4);}#pragma mark - getters and setters- (UILabel *)label{    if (_label == nil) {        _label = [[UILabel alloc] init];        _label.text = @"1234";        _label.font = [UIFont systemFontOfSize:12];        ... ...    }    return label;}@end注意：*重点，在get方法里面不能写self.noLabel；千万不要用“点”语法，这样会造成get方法死循环，因为“点”语法就是调用的get方法，所以要用下划线属性名的方法得到对象（在内存这其实是一个指针）。

@interface MasonryViewController ()@property(nonatomic,strong)UIView *conView;@property(nonatomic,assign)int intstate;@end@implementation MasonryViewController- (void)viewDidLoad {    [super viewDidLoad];        [self.view addSubview:self.conView];}//懒加载-(UIView *)conView{    if(_conView==nil)    {        _conView=[[UIView alloc]init];        _conView.backgroundColor=[UIColor redColor];    }    return _conView;}-(int)intstate{    _intstate=0;    return _intstate;}//布局约束-(void)viewDidLayoutSubviews{    [self.conView mas_makeConstraints:^(MASConstraintMaker *make) {        make.top.equalTo(self.view.mas_top).with.offset(100);        make.left.equalTo(self.view.mas_left).with.offset(60);        make.right.equalTo(self.view.mas_right).with.offset(0);        make.height.equalTo(@50);    }];}- (void)didReceiveMemoryWarning {    [super didReceiveMemoryWarning];}

生成0-x之间的随机正整数int value =arc4random_uniform(x ＋ 1);生成随机正整数int value = arc4random() 通过arc4random() 获取0到x-1之间的整数的代码如下：int value = arc4random() % x; 获取1到x之间的整数的代码如下: int value = (arc4random() % x) + 1; 最后如果想生成一个浮点数，可以在项目中定义如下宏：#define ARC4RANDOM_MAX      0x100000000 然后就可以使用arc4random() 来获取0到100之间浮点数了（精度是rand（）的两倍），代码如下：double val = floorf(((double)arc4random() / ARC4RANDOM_MAX) * 100.0f);实例(从数组中随机显示出一个背景图,再通过网络加载显示出来): self.bgView=[[UIImageView alloc] initWithFrame:CGRectMake(0, 0, SCREEN_WIDTH, SCREEN_HEIGHT)];    self.bgView.image=[UIImage imageNamed:@"AppBg"];    [self.view addSubview:self.bgView];    [self.view sendSubviewToBack:self.bgView];        NSDictionary *params=[[NSDictionary alloc] init];    [[HomeMainNetAPIManager sharedManager] getBackgroundImage:params andBlock:^(id data, NSError *error) {        if (!error&&data) {            BackgroundImageBean *groundImagebean =(BackgroundImageBean *)data;            int dataNum=groundImagebean.data.count;            if (groundImagebean.data&&dataNum>0) {                int r=arc4random_uniform(dataNum);                GroundImageBean *curBean=groundImagebean.data[r];                [self.bgView sd_setImageWithURL:[NSURL URLWithString:curBean.ImgUrl] placeholderImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"AppBg"] completed:^(UIImage *image, NSError *error, SDImageCacheType cacheType, NSURL *imageURL) {                    dispatch_async(dispatch_get_main_queue(), ^{                        self.bgView.image=image;                    });                }];            }        }    }];

模拟器的路径从之前的~/Library/application Support/iPhone Simulator移动到了~/Library/Developer/CoreSimulator/Devices/文件都在个人用户名文件夹下的一个隐藏文件夹里，中文叫资源库，他的目录其实是Library。因为应用是在沙箱（sandbox）中的，在文件读写权限上受到限制，只能在几个目录下读写文件：Documents：应用中用户数据可以放在这里，iTunes备份和恢复的时候会包括此目录tmp：存放临时文件，iTunes不会备份和恢复此目录，此目录下文件可能会在应用退出后删除Library/Caches：存放缓存文件，iTunes不会备份此目录，此目录下文件不会在应用退出删除iTunes在与iPhone同步时，备份所有的Documents和Library文件。iPhone在重启时，会丢弃所有的tmp文件。查看方法：方法1、可以设置显示隐藏文件，然后在Finder下直接打开。设置查看隐藏文件的方法如下：打开终端，输入命名(1)显示Mac隐藏文件的命令：defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool true(2)隐藏Mac隐藏文件的命令：defaults write com.apple.finder AppleShowAllFiles -bool false(3)输完单击Enter键，退出终端，重新启动Finder就可以了 重启Finder：鼠标单击窗口左上角的苹果标志-->强制退出-->Finder-->现在能看到资源库文件夹了。 打开资源库后找到/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/文件夹。这里面就是模拟器的各个程序的沙盒目录了。方法2、这种方法更方便，在Finder上点->前往->前往文件夹，输入/Users/username/Library/Application Support/iPhone Simulator/  前往。username这里写用户名。 自定义类返回各目录路径：#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>@interface ICSandboxHelper : NSObject+ (NSString *)homePath;     // 程序主目录，可见子目录(3个):Documents、Library、tmp+ (NSString *)appPath;        // 程序目录，不能存任何东西+ (NSString *)docPath;        // 文档目录，需要ITUNES同步备份的数据存这里，可存放用户数据+ (NSString *)libPrefPath;    // 配置目录，配置文件存这里+ (NSString *)libCachePath;    // 缓存目录，系统永远不会删除这里的文件，ITUNES会删除+ (NSString *)tmpPath;        // 临时缓存目录，APP退出后，系统可能会删除这里的内容+ (BOOL)hasLive:(NSString *)path; //判断目录是否存在，不存在则创建实现代码:#import "ICSandboxHelper.h"@implementation ICSandboxHelper+ (NSString *)homePath{    return NSHomeDirectory();}+ (NSString *)appPath{    NSArray * paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSApplicationDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);    return [paths objectAtIndex:0];}+ (NSString *)docPath{    NSArray * paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);    return [paths objectAtIndex:0];}+ (NSString *)libPrefPath{    NSArray * paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);    return [[paths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingFormat:@"/Preference"];}+ (NSString *)libCachePath{    NSArray * paths = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSLibraryDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);    return [[paths objectAtIndex:0] stringByAppendingFormat:@"/Caches"];}+ (NSString *)tmpPath{return [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingFormat:@"/tmp"];}+ (BOOL)hasLive:(NSString *)path{    if ( NO == [[NSFileManager defaultManager] fileExistsAtPath:path] )    {        return [[NSFileManager defaultManager] createDirectoryAtPath:path                                         withIntermediateDirectories:YES                                                          attributes:nil                                                               error:NULL];    }        return NO;}