Maven 版 JPA 最佳实践

• 数据库：MySQL
• 版本：5.x
• 数据库名：jpa-demo
• 用户名密码：root/1234

/*Navicat MySQL Data TransferSource Server         : localhostSource Server Version : 50525Source Host           : localhost:3306Source Database       : jpa-demoTarget Server Type    : MYSQLTarget Server Version : 50525File Encoding         : 65001Date: 2014-11-20 20:09:27*/SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for `address`-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`;CREATE TABLE `address` (  `addressID` int(11) NOT NULL,  `city` varchar(55) NOT NULL,  `street` varchar(55) NOT NULL,  `zip` varchar(8) NOT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`addressID`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;-- ------------------------------ Records of address-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('1', '深圳', '坂田市场', '518001');INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('2', '深圳', '坂田路口', '518002');INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ('3', '深圳', '四季花城', '518003');-- ------------------------------ Table structure for `userinfo`-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `userinfo`;CREATE TABLE `userinfo` (  `userID` int(11) NOT NULL,  `username` varchar(20) NOT NULL,  `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL,  `sex` varchar(8) NOT NULL,  `addressID` int(11) NOT NULL,  PRIMARY KEY (`userID`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;-- ------------------------------ Records of userinfo-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('1', '张金雄', null, 'male', '1');INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('2', '李某某', null, 'male', '2');INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('3', '王某某', '2006-08-10 00:00:00', 'female', '3');INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ('4', '陈某某', '2006-08-12 00:00:00', 'male', '3');

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.coderdream</groupId><artifactId>jpa-demo</artifactId><packaging>war</packaging><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>jpa-demo Maven Webapp</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding><junit.version>4.11</junit.version><mysql.version>5.1.17</mysql.version><slf.version>1.7.5</slf.version><toplink.essentials.version>2.1-60f</toplink.essentials.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>${junit.version}</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId><artifactId>toplink-essentials</artifactId><version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId><artifactId>toplink-essentials-agent</artifactId><version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.slf4j</groupId><artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId><version>${slf.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId><version>${mysql.version}</version></dependency></dependencies><build><finalName>jpa-demo</finalName></build></project>

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><persistence xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd"version="1.0"><persistence-unit name="piscesPU" transaction-type="RESOURCE_LOCAL"><provider>Oracle.toplink.essentials.PersistenceProvider</provider><class>com.coderdream.model.UserInfo</class><class>com.coderdream.model.Address</class><properties><!-- 数据库连接配置, JDBC驱动 --><property name="toplink.jdbc.driver" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /><!-- 数据库连接配置,URL --><property name="toplink.jdbc.url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/jpa-demo" /><!-- 数据库连接配置, 用户名 --><property name="toplink.jdbc.user" value="root" /><!-- 数据库连接配置, 密码 --><property name="toplink.jdbc.passWord" value="1234" /></properties></persistence-unit></persistence>

package com.coderdream.model;import java.io.Serializable;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Id;@Entitypublic class Address implements Serializable {// 地址id, 不能为空, 必须唯一@Id@Column(name = "addressid", unique = true, nullable = false)private int addressid;// 城市, 不能为空@Column(name = "city", nullable = false)private String city;// 街道, 不能为空@Column(name = "street", nullable = false)private String street;// 邮政编码, 不能为空@Column(name = "zip", nullable = false)private String zip;public Address() {}public Address(int addressid) {this.setAddressid(addressid);}public int getAddressid() {return this.addressid;}public void setAddressid(int addressid) {this.addressid = addressid;}public String getCity() {return this.city;}public void setCity(String city) {this.city = city;}public String getStreet() {return street;}public void setStreet(String street) {this.street = street;}public String getZip() {return this.zip;}public void setZip(String zip) {this.zip = zip;}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {return this.addressid;}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object object) {if (!(object instanceof Address))return false;final Address other = (Address) object;return this.addressid == other.addressid;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "Address[addressid=" + getAddressid() + ", city='" + getCity() + "', street='" + getStreet() + "', zip='" + getZip() + "";}}

package com.coderdream.model;import java.io.Serializable;import java.sql.Timestamp;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.JoinColumn;import javax.persistence.OneToOne;import static javax.persistence.CascadeType.*;@Entitypublic class UserInfo implements Serializable {// 用户id, 不能为空, 必须唯一@Id@Column(name = "userid", unique = true, nullable = false)private int userid;// 用户名, 不能为空@Column(name = "userName", nullable = false)private String userName;// 性别, 不能为空@Column(name = "sex", nullable = false)private String sex;// 出生日期, 可以为空@Column(name = "birthday")private Timestamp birthday;// 地址, 不能为空// PERSIST 表示更新、新增UserInfo数据时会同时更新、新增Address的数据// REMOVE 表示从数据库删除UserInfo会同时删除Address表中对应的数据@OneToOne(cascade = { PERSIST, REMOVE })@JoinColumn(name = "addressID", nullable = false)private Address address;public UserInfo() {}public UserInfo(int userid) {this.setUserid(userid);}@Overridepublic int hashCode() {return this.getUserid();}@Overridepublic boolean equals(Object object) {if (!(object instanceof UserInfo))return false;final UserInfo other = (UserInfo) object;return this.userid == other.userid;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "UserInfo[userid=" + this.userid + ", userName='" + userName + "', sex='" + sex + "', birthday=" + birthday + ", address="+ address + "";}public int getUserid() {return userid;}public void setUserid(int userid) {this.userid = userid;}public String getUserName() {return userName;}public void setUserName(String userName) {this.userName = userName;}public Timestamp getBirthday() {return birthday;}public void setBirthday(Timestamp birthday) {this.birthday = birthday;}public String getSex() {return sex;}public void setSex(String sex) {this.sex = sex;}public Address getAddress() {return address;}public void setAddress(Address address) {this.address = address;}}

package com.coderdream.service;import java.util.List;import javax.persistence.EntityManager;import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory;import javax.persistence.Persistence;import com.coderdream.model.Address;import com.coderdream.model.UserInfo;public class SimpleService {/** * 删除用户id=6的数据 */public static void delete() {final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();// 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo.class, 6);try {em.getTransaction().begin();em.remove(info);em.getTransaction().commit();} finally {em.close();}}/** * 修改用户id=6的数据 */public static void update() {final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();// 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo.class, 6);info.setUserName("哈哈");info.getAddress().setStreet("坂田2");try {em.getTransaction().begin();// 自动将info更新到数据库em.getTransaction().commit();} finally {em.close();}}/** * 查询所有用户数据 */public static void query() {final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");long s = System.currentTimeMillis();// 数据库连接失败这里会抛出异常final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();long e = System.currentTimeMillis();System.out.println("连接数据库耗时: " + (e - s) + "毫秒");// 获取数据@SuppressWarnings("unchecked")List<UserInfo> list = em.createQuery("SELECT a FROM UserInfo a").getResultList();int i = 0;for (UserInfo info : list) {System.out.println("第" + (++i) + "个值为: " + info);}em.close();}/** * 创建用户id=6的一条数据, 地址id=6 */public static void create() {final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory("piscesPU");final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager();UserInfo info = new UserInfo(6);info.setSex("male");info.setUserName("张某某");info.setBirthday(new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis()));Address naddr = new Address(6);naddr.setCity("深圳");naddr.setStreet("坂田");naddr.setZip("518000");info.setAddress(naddr);try {em.getTransaction().begin();em.persist(info);em.getTransaction().commit();} finally {em.close();}}/** * 主函数 */public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable {SimpleService.query();SimpleService.create();System.out.println("新增一条数据后进行查询");SimpleService.query();SimpleService.update();System.out.println("修改一条数据后进行查询");SimpleService.query();SimpleService.delete();System.out.println("删除一条数据后进行查询");SimpleService.query();}}

[TopLink Info]: 2014.11.20 08:24:08.134--Serversession(1112823384)--TopLink, version: Oracle TopLink Essentials - 2.1 (Build 60f (01/07/2009))[TopLink Info]: 2014.11.20 08:24:08.822--ServerSession(1112823384)--file:/E:/E_441_64/workspace/jpa-demo/target/classes/-piscesPU login successful连接数据库耗时: 1264毫秒第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003新增一条数据后进行查询连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003第5个值为: UserInfo[userid=6, userName='张某某', sex='male', birthday=2014-11-20 20:24:09.102, address=Address[addressid=6, city='深圳', street='坂田', zip='518000修改一条数据后进行查询连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003第5个值为: UserInfo[userid=6, userName='哈哈', sex='male', birthday=2014-11-20 20:24:09.102, address=Address[addressid=6, city='深圳', street='坂田2', zip='518000删除一条数据后进行查询连接数据库耗时: 0毫秒第1个值为: UserInfo[userid=1, userName='张金雄', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=1, city='深圳', street='坂田市场', zip='518001第2个值为: UserInfo[userid=2, userName='李某某', sex='male', birthday=null, address=Address[addressid=2, city='深圳', street='坂田路口', zip='518002第3个值为: UserInfo[userid=3, userName='王某某', sex='female', birthday=2006-08-10 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003第4个值为: UserInfo[userid=4, userName='陈某某', sex='male', birthday=2006-08-12 00:00:00.0, address=Address[addressid=3, city='深圳', street='四季花城', zip='518003

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