EF6配合MySQL或MSSQL(CodeFirst模式)配置指引

2019-11-17 02:34:14

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EF6配合MySQL或MSSQL(CodeFirst模式)配置指引

一、新建一个解决方案，包含两个项目：EF6CodeFirstMySQL.Model(动态库项目)，EF6CodeFirstMySQL.Tests(控制台应用)

二、通过NuGet将EntityFramework6及MySql.Data.Entity包引入解决方案(两个项目都要引入)

三、在Model项目中添加三个类，BaseBill，Contract，DeliveryNote，后面两个类从BaseBill类继承。(代码参见附件)

四、在Model项目中添加DataModelContext类，继承自DbContext

    public class DataModelContext : DbContext    {        public DataModelContext()            : base("DataModelContext")//web.config中connectionstring的名字        {        }        public DbSet<Contract> Contracts { get; set; }        public DbSet<DeliveryNote> DeliveryNotes { get; set; }        PRotected override void OnModelCreating(DbModelBuilder modelBuilder)        {            //指定单数形式的表名            modelBuilder.Conventions.Remove<PluralizingTableNameConvention>();            //物理表名添加xx前綴            modelBuilder.Types().Configure(f => f.ToTable("xx" + f.ClrType.Name));        }    }

DataModelContext

五、在Model项目中添加DataModelInitializer类，用于初始化数据库中的数据

    public class DataModelInitializer : DropCreateDatabaseIfModelChanges<DataModelContext> // CreateDatabaseIfNotExists<DataModelContext>    {        protected override void Seed(DataModelContext context)        {            var contracts = new List<Contract>            {                new Contract{ BillNo = "PO20150201-001", BillDate=new DateTime(2015,  2,  1), TotalPrice=9876543.21M, Supplier = "Microsoft"},                new Contract{ BillNo = "PO20141230-088", BillDate=new DateTime(2014, 12, 30), TotalPrice=1234567.89M, Supplier = "Oracle"},            };            context.Contracts.AddRange(contracts);            context.SaveChanges();//可以分次提交，也可以最后一次性提交给数据库            var deliveries = new List<DeliveryNote>            {                new DeliveryNote{ BillNo = string.Format("DN{0:yyyyMMdd}-006", DateTime.Today), TotalPrice=445566M, Contract=contracts.First(), Checker="张三"},            };            context.DeliveryNotes.AddRange(deliveries);            context.SaveChanges();//可以分次提交，也可以最后一次性提交给数据库        }    }

DataModelInitializer

六、编辑app.config配置文件(注意：实际使用的配置文件为应用程序项目中的app.config或web.config，动态库项目中的app.config在运行时不起作用)

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><!--注意：此项目为动态库，所以此配置文件内容仅供作为范本使用，实际的WPF或asp.net项目可从此文件复制配置内容进行修改--><configuration>  <configSections>    <!-- For more information on Entity Framework configuration, visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=237468 -->    <section name="entityFramework" type="System.Data.Entity.Internal.ConfigFile.EntityFrameworkSection, EntityFramework, Version=6.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" requirePermission="false" />  </configSections>  <!--MySQL启用下面一行-->  <entityFramework codeConfigurationType="MySql.Data.Entity.MySqlEFConfiguration, MySql.Data.Entity.EF6">  <!--SQL SERVER 启用下面一行-->  <!--entityFramework-->    <contexts>      <!--通过设置disableDatabaseInitialization="true"，可以禁止数据库初始化操作-->      <context type="EF6CodeFirstMySQL.Model.DataModelContext,EF6CodeFirstMySQL.Model" disableDatabaseInitialization="false">        <databaseInitializer type="EF6CodeFirstMySQL.Model.DataModelInitializer,EF6CodeFirstMySQL.Model"></databaseInitializer>      </context>    </contexts>    <!--MySQL启用下面一段配置项-->    <defaultConnectionFactory type="MySql.Data.Entity.MySqlConnectionFactory, MySql.Data.Entity.EF6">      <parameters>        <parameter value="v11.0" />      </parameters>    </defaultConnectionFactory>    <!--SQL SERVER 启用下面一行-->    <!--defaultConnectionFactory type="System.Data.Entity.Infrastructure.SqlConnectionFactory, EntityFramework" /-->    <providers>      <provider invariantName="System.Data.SqlClient" type="System.Data.Entity.SqlServer.SqlProviderServices, EntityFramework.SqlServer" />      <provider invariantName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlProviderServices, MySql.Data.Entity.EF6, Version=6.9.5.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d"></provider>    </providers>  </entityFramework>  <connectionStrings>    <!--MySQL启用下面一行-->    <add name="DataModelContext" connectionString="Data Source=localhost;port=3306;Initial Catalog=EF6CodeFirstDemo;user id=root;passWord=123456;" providerName="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" />    <!--SQL SERVER 启用下面一行，注意数据库文件路径中使用了|DataDirectory|宏变量，该变量只在ASP.NET项目中有效-->    <!--add name="DataModelContext" connectionString="Data Source=.;database=EF6CodeFirstDemo;uid=sa;pwd=123456;AttachDBFilename=|DataDirectory|/XantFlowDB.mdf;" providerName="System.Data.SqlClient"/-->  </connectionStrings>  <system.data>    <DbProviderFactories>      <remove invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" />      <add name="MySQL Data Provider" invariant="MySql.Data.MySqlClient" description=".Net Framework Data Provider for MySQL" type="MySql.Data.MySqlClient.MySqlClientFactory, MySql.Data, Version=6.9.5.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=c5687fc88969c44d" />    </DbProviderFactories>  </system.data></configuration>

app.config

七、编辑Tests项目中的Program.Main()方法，从数据库中读取数据并在控制台显示

        static void Main(string[] args)        {            using(var ctx = new DataModelContext())            {                foreach (DeliveryNote dn in ctx.DeliveryNotes.Include("Contract"))                {                    Console.WriteLine(string.Format("送货单号：{0}，送货日期：{1:yyyy-MM-dd}，到货金额：{2:#0,000.00}，合同编号：{3}，供应商：{4}，合同总金额：{5}，合同总金额(直接属性)：{6}",                        dn.BillNo, dn.BillDate, dn.TotalPrice, dn.Contract.BillNo, dn.Contract.Supplier, dn.Contract.TotalPrice, dn.ContractTotalPrice));                }            }            Console.WriteLine("/n/n按[回车]键退出...");            Console.ReadLine();        }

Main()

八、一切准备就绪，按F5，欢快的跑起来吧！