自己琢磨Socket刚刚几天,所以整理出来和大家共享一下。废话少说直接进入正题。
在C#中提供了两种网络服务,一种是Socket类,另一种是TcpListener(服务器),TcpClient(客户端);
至于这两种有什么区别那;MSDN上是这样解释的:
TcpClient 类,TcpListener 类提供了一些简单的方法,用于在同步阻止模式下通过网络来连接、发送和接收流数据。
Socket 类为网络通信提供了一套丰富的方法和属性。 Socket 类允许您使用 PRotocolType 枚举中所列出的任何一种协议执行异步和同步数据传输。
个人理解就是一个是用于简单的业务,一种用于复杂的业务。所以感觉是一样的。本文事例主要用Socket类来实现。一般来说复杂的会了,简单的应该也差不多了。
先从第一个情景来说:第一个就是建立多人聊天的模式,就是多个客户端连接一个服务器,然后可以和多个客户端通信。就像QQ里的群聊。
首先我们来见一个服务器:
就包含一个文本框就行了,里边具体代码如下:
1 public partial class server : Form 2 { 3 private ipEndPoint ServerInfo;//存放服务器的IP和端口信息 4 private Socket ServerSocket;//服务端运行的SOCKET 5 private Thread ServerThread;//服务端运行的线程 6 private Socket[] ClientSocket;//为客户端建立的SOCKET连接 7 private int ClientNumb;//存放客户端数量 8 private byte[] MsgBuffer;//存放消息数据 9 10 private object obj;11 12 public server()13 {14 InitializeComponent();15 ListenClient();16 }17 18 /// <summary>19 /// 开始服务,监听客户端20 /// </summary>21 private void ListenClient()22 {23 try24 {25 ServerSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);26 IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");27 ServerInfo = new IPEndPoint(ip, Int32.Parse("3000"));28 ServerSocket.Bind(ServerInfo);29 ServerSocket.Listen(10);30 31 ClientSocket = new Socket[65535];32 MsgBuffer = new byte[65535];33 ClientNumb = 0;34 35 ServerThread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(RecieveAccept));36 ServerThread.Start();37 }38 catch (System.Exception ex)39 {40 41 }42 }43 44 /// <summary>45 /// 添加阻塞,监听客户端46 /// </summary>47 private void RecieveAccept()48 {49 while (true)50 {51 //等待接受客户端连接,如果有就执行下边代码,没有就阻塞52 ClientSocket[ClientNumb] = ServerSocket.Accept();53 //接受客户端信息,没有阻塞,则会执行下边输出的代码;如果是Receive则不会执行下边输出代码54 ClientSocket[ClientNumb].BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,55 new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), ClientSocket[ClientNumb]);56 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate57 {58 lock (this.textBox1)59 this.textBox1.Text += "客户端:" + ClientNumb.ToString() + "连接成功!" + "/r/n";60 });61 ClientNumb++;62 }63 }64 65 /// <summary>66 /// 回发数据到客户端67 /// </summary>68 /// <param name="ar"></param>69 private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar)70 {71 try72 {73 Socket rSocket = (Socket)ar.AsyncState;74 int rEnd = rSocket.EndReceive(ar);75 76 for (int i = 0; i < ClientNumb; i++)77 {78 if (ClientSocket[i].Connected)79 {80 //发送数据到客户端81 ClientSocket[i].Send(MsgBuffer, 0, rEnd, SocketFlags.None);82 }83 84 //同时接受客户端回发的数据,用于回发85 rSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), rSocket);86 }87 }88 catch (System.Exception ex)89 {90 91 }92 }93 }
然后我们添加客户端代码,客户端要一个按钮和两个文本框
具体代码如下:
1 public partial class Client : Form 2 { 3 private IPEndPoint ServerInfo; 4 private Socket ClientSocket; 5 private object obj; 6 7 //信息接收缓存 8 private Byte[] MsgBuffer; 9 //信息发送存储10 private Byte[] MsgSend;11 12 public Client()13 {14 InitializeComponent();15 ConnectServer();16 this.button1.Click += new EventHandler(button1_Click);17 }18 19 /// <summary>20 /// 打开客户端,即连接服务器21 /// </summary>22 private void ConnectServer()23 {24 try25 {26 ClientSocket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);27 MsgBuffer = new byte[65535];28 MsgSend = new byte[65535];29 IPAddress ip = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");30 ServerInfo = new IPEndPoint(ip, Int32.Parse("3000"));31 ClientSocket.Connect(ServerInfo);32 //发送信息至服务器33 ClientSocket.Send(Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("用户: 进入系统!" + "/r/n"));34 ClientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, SocketFlags.None,35 new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), null);36 this.textBox1.Text += "登录服务器成功" + "/r/n";37 }38 catch (System.Exception ex)39 {40 41 }42 }43 44 /// <summary>45 /// 回调时调用46 /// </summary>47 /// <param name="ar"></param>48 private void ReceiveCallback(IAsyncResult ar)49 {50 int rEnd = ClientSocket.EndReceive(ar);51 this.Invoke((MethodInvoker)delegate52 {53 lock (this.textBox1)54 {55 this.textBox1.Text += Encoding.Unicode.GetString(MsgBuffer, 0, rEnd) + "/r/n";56 }57 });58 ClientSocket.BeginReceive(MsgBuffer, 0, MsgBuffer.Length, 0, new AsyncCallback(ReceiveCallback), null);59 }60 61 /// <summary>62 /// 发送信息63 /// </summary>64 /// <param name="sender"></param>65 /// <param name="e"></param>66 private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)67 {68 MsgSend = Encoding.Unicode.GetBytes("说:/n" + this.textBox2.Text + "/n/r");69 if (ClientSocket.Connected)70 {71 ClientSocket.Send(MsgSend);72 }73 }74 75 }76 }
这样先运行服务器,在多运行几个客户端就可以了。
下边讲一下第二种案例:这种是多个客户端和服务器连接,每个客户端都可以和服务器通信,但是客户端之间没有通信,而且每个客户端和服务器通信时,不会影响其他客户端。
具体样式如图:
接着我们来看看具体的代码:
先来看看服务器的,样式和第一种一样,
具体代码:
1 public partial class Server : Form 2 { 3 private Socket socket = null; 4 private Thread thread = null; 5 6 public Server() 7 { 8 InitializeComponent(); 9 StartListening();10 }11 12 /// 13 /// 开始监听客户端14 /// 15 private void StartListening()16 {17 try18 {19 socket = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.Tcp);20 IPAddress ipaddress = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");21 IPEndPoint endPoint = new IPEndPoint(ipaddress, int.Parse("3000"));22 23 socket.Bind(endPoint);24 socket.Listen(20);25 26 thread = new Thread(new ThreadStart(WatchConnection));27 thread.IsBackground = true;28 thread.Start();29 30 this.listBox1.Text = "开始监听客户端传来的消息" + "/r/n";31 }32 catch (System.Exception ex)33 {34 this.listBox1.Text += "SocketException" + ex;35 }36 }37 38 Socket[] socConnection = ne
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