Python使用mongodb保存爬取豆瓣电影的数据过程解析

2019-11-25 11:59:42

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创建爬虫项目douban

scrapy startproject douban

设置items.py文件，存储要保存的数据类型和字段名称

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import scrapyclass DoubanItem(scrapy.Item): title = scrapy.Field() # 内容 content = scrapy.Field() # 评分 rating_num = scrapy.Field() # 简介 quote = scrapy.Field()

设置爬虫文件doubanmovies.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import scrapyfrom douban.items import DoubanItemclass DoubanmoviesSpider(scrapy.Spider): name = 'doubanmovies' allowed_domains = ['movie.douban.com'] offset = 0 url = 'https://movie.douban.com/top250?start=' start_urls = [url + str(offset)] def parse(self, response):  # print('*'*60)  # print(response.url)  # print('*'*60)  item = DoubanItem()  info = response.xpath("//div[@class='info']")  for each in info:   item['title'] = each.xpath(".//span[@class='title'][1]/text()").extract()   item['content'] = each.xpath(".//div[@class='bd']/p[1]/text()").extract()   item['rating_num'] = each.xpath(".//span[@class='rating_num']/text()").extract()   item['quote'] = each .xpath(".//span[@class='inq']/text()").extract()   yield item   # print(item)  self.offset += 25  if self.offset <= 250:   yield scrapy.Request(self.url + str(self.offset),callback=self.parse)

设置管道文件，使用mongodb数据库来保存爬取的数据。重点部分

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-from scrapy.conf import settingsimport pymongoclass DoubanPipeline(object): def __init__(self):  self.host = settings['MONGODB_HOST']  self.port = settings['MONGODB_PORT'] def process_item(self, item, spider):  # 创建mongodb客户端连接对象，该例从settings.py文件里面获取mongodb所在的主机和端口参数，可直接书写主机和端口  self.client = pymongo.MongoClient(self.host,self.port)  # 创建数据库douban  self.mydb = self.client['douban']  # 在数据库douban里面创建表doubanmovies  # 把类似字典的数据转换为phthon字典格式  content = dict(item)  # 把数据添加到表里面  self.mysheetname.insert(content)  return item

设置settings.py文件

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-BOT_NAME = 'douban'SPIDER_MODULES = ['douban.spiders']NEWSPIDER_MODULE = 'douban.spiders'USER_AGENT = 'Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0;'# Configure a delay for requests for the same website (default: 0)# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/settings.html#download-delay# See also autothrottle settings and docsDOWNLOAD_DELAY = 3# The download delay setting will honor only one of:#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_DOMAIN = 16#CONCURRENT_REQUESTS_PER_IP = 16# Disable cookies (enabled by default)COOKIES_ENABLED = False# Configure item pipelines# See https://doc.scrapy.org/en/latest/topics/item-pipeline.htmlITEM_PIPELINES = { 'douban.pipelines.DoubanPipeline': 300,}# mongodb数据库设置变量MONGODB_HOST = '127.0.0.1'MONGODB_PORT = 27017

终端测试