使用python模拟命令行终端的示例

#! /usr/bin/env python# coding=utf-8 import osimport sysimport ttyimport termios '''Enter: 13Back:  127?:   63C-h:  8C-w:  23Tab:  9C-u:  21C-c:  3C-d:  4C-/:  28SPACE: 32''' CLI_KEY_CNCR = 13CLI_KEY_BACK = 127CLI_KEY_QMARK = 63CLI_KEY_CTRLH = 8CLI_KEY_CTRLW = 23CLI_KEY_TAB  = 9CLI_KEY_CTRLU = 21CLI_KEY_CTRLC = 3CLI_KEY_CTRLD = 4CLI_KEY_QUIT = 28CLI_KEY_SPACE = 32CLI_KEY_TABLEN = 4 class CLI(object):  def __init__(self):    self.line = ''    self.line_complete = ''    self.completer_on = False    self.completer_dict = {}    self.completer_dict_keys = self.completer_dict.keys()    self.completer_id = 0    self.completer_cnt = len(self.completer_dict)  def getch(self):    fd = sys.stdin.fileno()    old_settings = termios.tcgetattr(fd)    try:      tty.setraw(fd)      ch = sys.stdin.read(1)    finally:      termios.tcsetattr(fd, termios.TCSADRAIN, old_settings)    return ch  def completer_kw_update(self):    self.completer_dict_keys = self.completer_dict.keys()    self.completer_dict_keys.sort()    self.completer_cnt = len(self.completer_dict)  def completer_kw_add(self, key, word):    self.completer_dict[key] = word    self.completer_kw_update()  def completer_kw_clear(self):    self.completer_dict.clear()    self.completer_id_update()  def completer_id_update(self):    self.completer_kw_update()    if self.completer_id < self.completer_cnt - 1:      self.completer_id += 1    else:      self.completer_id = 0  def completer_wd_select(self, word):    if not word:      return ''    cnt = self.completer_cnt    while cnt>0:      completer = self.completer_dict_keys[self.completer_id]      self.completer_id_update()      cnt -= 1      if word == completer[:len(word)]:        return completer[len(word):]    return ''  def printf(self, info=''):    sys.stdout.write(info)  def show_spec_len_str(self, info, maxlen, spacech=' '):    'display a string of the specified length'    maxlen = maxlen    infolen = len(info)    if maxlen < infolen:      maxlen = infolen    while infolen>0:      ch = info[-infolen]      for i in range(self.char_memory_len(ch)):        self.printf(info[i-infolen])      infolen -= self.char_memory_len(ch)      maxlen -= self.char_display_len(ch)    while maxlen>0:      self.printf(spacech)      maxlen -= self.char_display_len(spacech)  def show_help_info(self):    if self.completer_on:      line = self.line_complete    else:      line = self.line    lastwd = ''    show_all = False    if not line or line[-1] == ' ':      show_all = True    else:      lastwd = line.split()[-1]    if self.completer_dict:      maxlen = max([len(info) for info in self.completer_dict])    else:      maxlen = 12    for info in self.completer_dict:      if show_all or lastwd == info[:len(lastwd)]:        self.printf(' ')        self.show_spec_len_str(info, maxlen)        self.printf(' ')        self.printf(self.completer_dict[info])        self.printf('/r/n')  def is_chinese_char(self, ch):    return ord(ch) > 127  def char_display_len(self, ch):    if self.is_chinese_char(ch):      return 2    elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_TAB:      return CLI_KEY_TABLEN    else:      return 1  def char_memory_len(self, ch):    if self.is_chinese_char(ch):      return 3    else:      return 1  def rm_last_char(self, line):    lastch = ''    rmlen = 0    if len(line)>0:      lastch = line[-1]      self.printf('/b /b' * self.char_display_len(lastch))      rmlen = self.char_memory_len(lastch)      if len(line) >= rmlen:        line = line[:-(rmlen)]      else:        rmlen = len(line)        line = ''    return rmlen, line  def rm_last_word(self, line):    lastwd = ''    linelen = len(line)    rspacelen = linelen - len(line.rstrip())    if not linelen:      return line    lastwd = line.split()[-1]    backlen = len(lastwd) + rspacelen    rmlen = 0    while backlen>0 and line:      rmlen, line = self.rm_last_char(line)      backlen -= rmlen    return line  def rm_one_line(self, line):    rmlen = 0    while line:      rmlen, line = self.rm_last_char(line)    return line  def do_line_complete_proc(self):    line = self.line    line_complete = self.line_complete    lastwd = ''    self.printf('/r/n')    if self.line_complete:      self.printf(self.line_complete)    else:      self.printf(self.line)    if not line:      return line    lastwd = line.split()[-1]    completer = self.completer_wd_select(lastwd)    if not completer.strip():      self.line_complete = line      return line    backlen = len(line_complete) - len(line)    while backlen>0 and line_complete:      rmlen, line_complete = self.rm_last_char(line_complete)      backlen -= rmlen    self.printf(completer)    line_complete = line + completer    self.line_complete = line_complete  def do_line_complete_end(self):    if self.completer_on:      self.line = self.line_complete      self.line_complete = ''      self.completer_on = False  def get_line(self):    self.line = ''    self.line_complete = ''    self.completer_on = False    while True:      ch = self.getch()      if ch == '/r' or ch == '/n':        self.do_line_complete_end()        self.printf('/r/n')        break      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_BACK or ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLH:        if self.completer_on:          rmlen, self.line_complete = self.rm_last_char(self.line_complete)        else:          rmlen, self.line = self.rm_last_char(self.line)        self.do_line_complete_end()      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_QMARK:        self.printf('?')        self.printf('/r/n')        self.show_help_info()        if self.completer_on:          self.printf(self.line_complete)        else:          self.printf(self.line)      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLW:        if self.completer_on:          self.line_complete = self.rm_last_word(self.line_complete)        else:          self.line = self.rm_last_word(self.line)        self.do_line_complete_end()      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_TAB:        self.completer_on = True        self.do_line_complete_proc()      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLD:        if self.line:          return self.line        else:          return ch      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_QUIT:        self.printf('/r/n Interrupted by <Ctrl-/>./r/n')        sys.exit()      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLU:        if self.completer_on:          self.line_complete = self.rm_one_line(self.line_complete)        else:          self.line = self.rm_one_line(self.line)        self.do_line_complete_end()      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_SPACE:        self.printf(ch)        if self.completer_on:          self.line_complete += ch        else:          self.line += ch      else:        self.printf(ch)        self.do_line_complete_end()        self.line += ch        # chinese qmask proc        if ord(ch) == 159 and len(self.line)>= 3 and self.line[-3:] == '/xef/xbc/x9f':          self.printf('/r/n')          self.line = self.line[:-3]          self.show_help_info()          self.printf(self.line)    return self.line  def get_raw_line(self):    self.raw_line = ''    while True:      ch = self.getch()      if ch == '/r' or ch == '/n':        self.printf('/r/n')        break      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_BACK or ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLH:        rmlen, self.raw_line = self.rm_last_char(self.raw_line)      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLW:        self.raw_line = self.rm_last_word(self.raw_line)      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_TAB:        self.printf(' ' * self.char_display_len(ch))        self.raw_line += ch      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLD:        if self.raw_line:          return self.raw_line        else:          return ch      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_QUIT:        self.printf('/r/n Interrupted by <Ctrl-/>./r/n')        sys.exit()      elif ord(ch) == CLI_KEY_CTRLU:        self.raw_line = self.rm_one_line(self.raw_line)      else:        self.raw_line += ch        self.printf(ch)    return self.raw_line def test():  cli = CLI()  help_info = {  	'hello0':   'say hello 0',  	'hello1':   'say hello 1',  	'hellohello': 'say hello hello',  	'hellohehe': 'say hello hehe',  	'hellohi':  'say hello hi',  	'你好啊':   'say 你好啊',  	'你好吗':   'say 你好吗',  	'你好哈':   'say 你好哈',  	}  for key in help_info:    cli.completer_kw_add(key, help_info[key])  while True:    line = cli.get_line()    if len(line) == 1 and ord(line[0]) == CLI_KEY_CTRLD:      break    if line == 'quit':      break    print(line) if __name__ == "__main__":   test()