DRF中的Request
在Django REST Framework中内置的Request类扩展了Django中的Request类，实现了很多方便的功能--如请求数据解析和认证等。
比如，区别于Django中的request从request.GET中获取URL参数，从request.POST中取某些情况下的POST数据。
在APIView中封装的request，就实现了请求数据的解析：
对于GET请求的参数我们通过request.query_params来获取。
对于POST请求、PUT请求的数据我们通过request.data来获取。
前提
序列化
from rest_framework import serializersfrom app01 import modelsclass CommentSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.Comment fields = "__all__" extra_kwargs = { "content": {"error_messages": {"required": "评论内容不能为空"}}, "article": {"error_messages": {"required": "文章不能为空"}} }class SchoolSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.School fields = "__all__"第一阶段：手垒代码
视图
from rest_framework.views import APIViewclass SchoolView(APIView): def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): query_set = models.School.objects.all() ser_obj = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer(query_set, many=True) return Response(ser_obj.data)class SchoolDetail(APIView): def get(self, request, pk, *args, **kwargs): obj = models.School.objects.filter(pk=pk).first() ser_obj = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer(obj) return Response(ser_obj.data)
第二阶段：简单使用rest formwork自带混合类方法
视图
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView # 公共类from rest_framework.mixins import ListModelMixin, RetrieveModelMixin, CreateModelMixin # 混合类 必须与公共类搭配着使用class SchoolView(GenericAPIView, mixins.ListModelMixin): # 查看学校列表 queryset = models.School.objects.all() serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer def get(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.list(request, *args, **kwargs)class SchoolDetail(GenericAPIView, mixins.RetrieveModelMixin, mixins.CreateModelMixin): # 创建，与具体查出某一条记录 queryset = models.School.objects.all() serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer def get(self, request, pk, *args, **kwargs): return self.retrieve(request, pk, *args, **kwargs) def post(self, request, *args, **kwargs): return self.create(request, *args, **kwargs)
路由
url(r'school/$', views.SchoolView.as_view()),url(r'school/(?P<pk>/d+)/$', views.SchoolDetail.as_view()),
第三阶段：使用rest formwork自带的通用类方法
视图
from rest_framework.generics import GenericAPIView, ListCreateAPIView, RetrieveUpdateAPIVieclass SchoolView(ListCreateAPIView): # 创建 queryset = models.School.objects.all() serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializerclass SchoolDetail(RetrieveUpdateDestroyAPIView): # 更新 queryset = models.School.objects.all() serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer
路由同上
第四阶段：使用rest formwork自带的封装所有放的类，代码量最少，功能最全
视图
from rest_framework.viewsets import ModelViewSet # 里面封装了操作的所有方法，增删改查查class SchoolView(ModelViewSet): queryset = models.School.objects.all() serializer_class = app01_serializers.SchoolSerializer
路由
url(r'school/$', views.SchoolView.as_view(actions={ "get": "list", "post": "create",})),url(r'school/(?P<pk>/d+)/$', views.SchoolView.as_view(actions={ 'get': 'retrieve', 'put': 'update', 'patch': 'partial_update', 'delete': 'destroy'})),高级路由
视图
同上
路由
from rest_framework.routers import DefaultRouterrouter = DefaultRouter()router.register(r'school', views.SchoolView)urlpatterns += router.urls
精华：流程图
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