pyqt5 实现 下拉菜单 + 打开文件的示例代码

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import sysimport osfrom PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgetsfrom PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgets from PyQt5.QtCore import QRect, QSize, QMetaObject, QCoreApplication,/  QPropertyAnimationfrom PyQt5.QtGui import QFontfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import QFileDialogfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import QWidget, QHBoxLayout, QGridLayout, QPushButton,/  QApplication, QMainWindow class Ui_MainWindow(object):  def setupUi(self, MainWindow):    MainWindow.setObjectName("MainWindow")    MainWindow.resize(800, 681)    MainWindow.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(0, 651))    MainWindow.setStyleSheet("background-image: url(:/新前缀/backpic.png);")    self.centralwidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(MainWindow)    self.centralwidget.setObjectName("centralwidget")    self.widget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.centralwidget)    self.widget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, -580, 195, 631))    self.widget.setObjectName("widget")    self.scrollArea = QtWidgets.QScrollArea(self.widget)    self.scrollArea.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 195, 581))    self.scrollArea.setWidgetResizable(True)    self.scrollArea.setObjectName("scrollArea")    self.scrollAreaWidgetContents = QtWidgets.QWidget()    self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 178, 681))    self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setMinimumSize(QtCore.QSize(177, 681))    self.scrollAreaWidgetContents.setObjectName("scrollAreaWidgetContents")    self.verticalLayoutWidget = QtWidgets.QWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)    self.verticalLayoutWidget.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, -10, 181, 691))    self.verticalLayoutWidget.setObjectName("verticalLayoutWidget")    self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(0, 0, 0, 0)    self.verticalLayout.setSpacing(20)    self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout")    self.pushButton_2 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.pushButton_2.setObjectName("pushButton_2")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_2)    self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_2)    self.pushButton_4 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.pushButton_4.setObjectName("pushButton_4")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_4)    self.label_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.label_3.setObjectName("label_3")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_3)    self.pushButton_7 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.pushButton_7.setObjectName("pushButton_7")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_7)    self.label_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.label_4.setObjectName("label_4")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_4)    self.pushButton_6 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.pushButton_6.setObjectName("pushButton_6")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_6)    self.label_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.label_5.setObjectName("label_5")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_5)    self.pushButton_5 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.pushButton_5.setObjectName("pushButton_5")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton_5)    self.label_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.label_6.setObjectName("label_6")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_6)    self.pushButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.pushButton.setObjectName("pushButton")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.pushButton)    self.label_7 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.verticalLayoutWidget)    self.label_7.setObjectName("label_7")    self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.label_7)    self.scrollArea.setWidget(self.scrollAreaWidgetContents)    self.closeButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.widget)    self.closeButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 580, 61, 32))    self.closeButton.setStyleSheet("border-image: url(:/新前缀/v.png);")    self.closeButton.setText("")    self.closeButton.setObjectName("closeButton")    self.openButton = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.centralwidget)    self.openButton.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(50, 0, 61, 32))    self.openButton.setStyleSheet("border-image: url(:/新前缀/xia.png);")    self.openButton.setText("")    self.openButton.setObjectName("openButton")    self.graphicsView = QtWidgets.QGraphicsView(self.centralwidget)    self.graphicsView.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 801, 641))    self.graphicsView.setObjectName("graphicsView")    self.widget.raise_()    self.graphicsView.raise_()    self.openButton.raise_()    MainWindow.setCentralWidget(self.centralwidget)    self.menubar = QtWidgets.QMenuBar(MainWindow)    self.menubar.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 800, 22))    self.menubar.setObjectName("menubar")    self.menu = QtWidgets.QMenu(self.menubar)    self.menu.setObjectName("menu")    MainWindow.setMenuBar(self.menubar)    self.statusbar = QtWidgets.QStatusBar(MainWindow)    self.statusbar.setObjectName("statusbar")    MainWindow.setStatusBar(self.statusbar)    self.action = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)    self.action.setObjectName("action")    self.action_2 = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)    self.action_2.setObjectName("action_2")    self.action_3 = QtWidgets.QAction(MainWindow)    self.action_3.setObjectName("action_3")    self.menu.addAction(self.action)    self.menu.addAction(self.action_2)    self.menu.addAction(self.action_3)    self.menubar.addAction(self.menu.menuAction())     self.retranslateUi(MainWindow)    QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(MainWindow)   def retranslateUi(self, MainWindow):    _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate    MainWindow.setWindowTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "MainWindow"))    self.pushButton_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))    self.label_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel"))    self.pushButton_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))    self.label_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel"))    self.pushButton_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))    self.label_4.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel"))    self.pushButton_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))    self.label_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel"))    self.pushButton_5.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))    self.label_6.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel"))    self.pushButton.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "PushButton"))    self.label_7.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "TextLabel"))    self.menu.setTitle(_translate("MainWindow", "人脑架构分析"))     self.action.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "导入矩阵"))    self.action_2.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "退出系统"))    self.action_3.setText(_translate("MainWindow", "开发者信息"))  class Window(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow):  def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):    super(Window, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs)      self.setupUi(self)    self.outani = QPropertyAnimation(self.widget, b"geometry") # 背后隐藏的控件    self.outani.setDuration(1000) # 1s    self.outani.setEndValue(QRect(0, 30, 178, 681)) # 只是x坐标变化     # 移进去动画    self.inani = QPropertyAnimation(self.widget, b"geometry") # 背后隐藏的控件    self.inani.setDuration(1000) # 1s    self.inani.setEndValue(QRect(0, -580, 178, 681))    self.inani.finished.connect(self.onFinish)     # 绑定打开关闭事件    self.openButton.clicked.connect(self.onOpen)    self.closeButton.clicked.connect(self.onClose)     #打开文件    self.action.triggered.connect(self.openFile)    self.action.setStatusTip('导入矩阵')    self.action.setShortcut('Ctrl+Q')     #退出系统    self.action_2.triggered.connect(self.close)    self.action_2.setStatusTip('退出系统')    self.action_2.setShortcut('Ctrl+E')     #开发者信息    self.action_3.setStatusTip('唐伟泽 谢家柯 2016.12.3')   def onOpen(self):    # 设置按钮不可见    self.openButton.setVisible(False)    self.widget.setVisible(True) # 背后的待拉出来的控件可见    self.graphicsView.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(195, 1, 611, 641))    self.outani.start() # 开启动画效果   def onClose(self):    self.outani.stop() # 如果移动到一半则停止    self.inani.start() # 退回去   def onFinish(self): # 关闭动画结束    self.widget.setVisible(False)    self.openButton.setVisible(True)    self.graphicsView.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(0, 0, 801, 641))   def openFile(self):    fileName1, filetype = QFileDialog.getOpenFileName(self,"选取文件","/Users/Kelisiya/Desktop","All Files (*);;Text Files (*.txt)")    print(fileName1, filetype)   if __name__ == "__main__":  import sys  app = QApplication(sys.argv)  w = Window()  w.show()  sys.exit(app.exec_())