对python3 Serial 串口助手的接收读取数据方法详解

#coding=gb18030import threadingimport timeimport serialclass ComThread: def __init__(self, Port='COM3'): #构造串口的属性  self.l_serial = None  self.alive = False  self.waitEnd = None  self.port = Port  self.ID = None  self.data = None #定义串口等待的函数 def waiting(self):  if not self.waitEnd is None:   self.waitEnd.wait() def SetStopEvent(self):  if not self.waitEnd is None:   self.waitEnd.set()  self.alive = False  self.stop() #启动串口的函数 def start(self):  self.l_serial = serial.Serial()  self.l_serial.port = self.port  self.l_serial.baudrate = 115200  #设置等待时间，若超出这停止等待  self.l_serial.timeout = 2  self.l_serial.open()  #判断串口是否已经打开  if self.l_serial.isOpen():   self.waitEnd = threading.Event()   self.alive = True   self.thread_read = None   self.thread_read = threading.Thread(target=self.FirstReader)   self.thread_read.setDaemon(1)   self.thread_read.start()   return True  else:   return False

   data = ''   data = data.encode('utf-8')#由于串口使用的是字节，故而要进行转码，否则串口会不识别

n = self.l_serial.inWaiting()#获取接收到的数据长度   if n:      #读取数据并将数据存入data     data = data + self.l_serial.read(n)     #输出接收到的数据     print('get data from serial port:', data)     #显示data的类型，便于如果出错时检查错误     print(type(data))

#获取还没接收到的数据长度n = self.l_serial.inWaiting()#判断是否已经将下位机传输过来的数据全部提取完毕，防止之前没有获取全部数据if len(data)>0 and n==0: try:  #将数据转换为字符型  temp = data.decode('gb18030')  #输出temp类型，看转码是否成功  print(type(temp))  #输出接收到的数据  print(temp)  将数据按换行分割并输出  car,temp = str(temp).split("/n",1)  print(car,temp)   #将temp按':'分割，并获取第二个数据  string = str(temp).strip().split(":")[1]  #由于前面分割后的数据类型是列表，因此需要转换成字符串，而后按照'*'分割，得到的也就是我们需要的Id和data  str_ID,str_data = str(string).split("*",1)   print(str_ID)  print(str_data)  print(type(str_ID),type(str_data))  #判断data最后一位是否是'*'，若是则退出，若不是则输出异常  if str_data[-1]== '*':   break  else:   print(str_data[-1])   print('str_data[-1]!=*') except:  print("读卡错误，请重试！/n")

get data from serial port:b'ID:4A622E29/n/xbf/xa8/xd6/xd0/xbf/xe924/xca/xfd/xbe/xdd/xce/xaa:1*80*/r/n'<class 'bytes'><class 'str'>ID:4A622E29卡中块24数据为:1*80*ID:4A622E29 卡中块24数据为:1*80*80*<class 'str'> <class 'str'>

#coding=gb18030import threadingimport timeimport serialclass ComThread: def __init__(self, Port='COM3'):  self.l_serial = None  self.alive = False  self.waitEnd = None  self.port = Port  self.ID = None  self.data = None def waiting(self):  if not self.waitEnd is None:   self.waitEnd.wait() def SetStopEvent(self):  if not self.waitEnd is None:   self.waitEnd.set()  self.alive = False  self.stop() def start(self):  self.l_serial = serial.Serial()  self.l_serial.port = self.port  self.l_serial.baudrate = 115200  self.l_serial.timeout = 2  self.l_serial.open()  if self.l_serial.isOpen():   self.waitEnd = threading.Event()   self.alive = True   self.thread_read = None   self.thread_read = threading.Thread(target=self.FirstReader)   self.thread_read.setDaemon(1)   self.thread_read.start()   return True  else:   return False def SendDate(self,i_msg,send):  lmsg = ''  isOK = False  if isinstance(i_msg):   lmsg = i_msg.encode('gb18030')  else:   lmsg = i_msg  try:   # 发送数据到相应的处理组件   self.l_serial.write(send)  except Exception as ex:   pass;  return isOK def FirstReader(self):  while self.alive:   time.sleep(0.1)   data = ''   data = data.encode('utf-8')   n = self.l_serial.inWaiting()   if n:     data = data + self.l_serial.read(n)     print('get data from serial port:', data)     print(type(data))   n = self.l_serial.inWaiting()   if len(data)>0 and n==0:    try:     temp = data.decode('gb18030')     print(type(temp))     print(temp)     car,temp = str(temp).split("/n",1)     print(car,temp)     string = str(temp).strip().split(":")[1]     str_ID,str_data = str(string).split("*",1)     print(str_ID)     print(str_data)     print(type(str_ID),type(str_data))     if str_data[-1]== '*':      break     else:      print(str_data[-1])      print('str_data[-1]!=*')    except:     print("读卡错误，请重试！/n")  self.ID = str_ID  self.data = str_data[0:-1]  self.waitEnd.set()  self.alive = False def stop(self):  self.alive = False  self.thread_read.join()  if self.l_serial.isOpen():   self.l_serial.close()#调用串口，测试串口def main(): rt = ComThread() rt.sendport = '**1*80*' try:  if rt.start():   print(rt.l_serial.name)   rt.waiting()   print("The data is:%s,The Id is:%s"%(rt.data,rt.ID))   rt.stop()  else:   pass except Exception as se:  print(str(se)) if rt.alive:  rt.stop() print('') print ('End OK .') temp_ID=rt.ID temp_data=rt.data del rt return temp_ID,temp_dataif __name__ == '__main__': #设置一个主函数，用来运行窗口，便于若其他地方下需要调用串口是可以直接调用main函数 ID,data = main() print("******") print(ID,data)