用python简单实现mysql数据同步到ElasticSearch的教程

# -*-coding:utf-8 -*-__author__ = "ZJL"from sqlalchemy.pool import QueuePoolfrom sqlalchemy import create_enginefrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker, scoped_sessionimport tracebackimport esconfig# 用于不需要回滚和提交的操作def find(func): def wrapper(self, *args, **kwargs):  try:   return func(self, *args, **kwargs)  except Exception as e:   print(traceback.format_exc())   print(str(e))   return traceback.format_exc()  finally:   self.session.close() return wrapperclass MysqlManager(object): def __init__(self):  mysql_connection_string = esconfig.mysql.get("mysql_connection_string")  self.engine = create_engine('mysql+pymysql://'+mysql_connection_string+'?charset=utf8', poolclass=QueuePool,         pool_recycle=3600)  # self.DB_Session = sessionmaker(bind=self.engine)  # self.session = self.DB_Session()  self.DB_Session = sessionmaker(bind=self.engine, autocommit=False, autoflush=True, expire_on_commit=False)  self.db = scoped_session(self.DB_Session)  self.session = self.db() @find def select_all_dict(self, sql, keys):  a = self.session.execute(sql)  a = a.fetchall()  lists = []  for i in a:   if len(keys) == len(i):    data_dict = {}    for k, v in zip(keys, i):     data_dict[k] = v    lists.append(data_dict)   else:    return False  return lists # 关闭 def close(self):  self.session.close()

select  CONVERT(c.`id`,CHAR)    as id,  c.`code`   as code,  c.`project_name` as project_name,  c.`name`   as name,  date_format(c.`update_time`,'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%i:%s')  as update_time, from `cc` c where date_format(c.`update_time`,'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%i:%s')>='::datetime_now'; 

select  CONVERT(c.`id`,CHAR)    as id,  CONVERT(c.`age`,CHAR)    as age,  c.`code`   as code,  c.`name`   as name,  c.`project_name` as project_name,  date_format(c.`update_time`,'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%i:%s') as update_time, from `bb` c where date_format(c.`update_time`,'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%i:%s')>='::datetime_now'; 

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#__author__="ZJL"# sql 文件名与es中的type名一致mysql = { # mysql连接信息 "mysql_connection_string": "root:123456@127.0.0.1:3306/xxx", # sql文件信息 "statement_filespath":[  # sql对应的es索引和es类型  {   "index":"a1",   "sqlfile":"aa.sql",   "type":"aa"  },  {   "index":"a1",   "sqlfile":"bb.sql",   "type":"bb"  }, ],}# es的ip和端口elasticsearch = { "hosts":"127.0.0.1:9200",}# 字段顺序与sql文件字段顺序一致，这是存进es中的字段名，这里用es的type名作为标识db_field = {  "aa":   ("id",   "code",   "name",   "project_name",   "update_time",   ), "bb":  ("id",   "code",   "age",   "project_name",   "name",   "update_time",   ),}es_config = { # 间隔多少秒同步一次 "sleep_time":10, # 为了解决服务器之间时间差问题 "time_difference":3, # show_json 用来展示导入的json格式数据， "show_json":False,}

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-#__author__="ZJL"from sql_manage import MysqlManagerfrom esconfig import mysql,elasticsearch,db_field,es_configfrom elasticsearch import Elasticsearchfrom elasticsearch import helpersimport tracebackimport timeclass TongBu(object): def __init__(self):  try:   # 是否展示json数据在控制台   self.show_json = es_config.get("show_json")   # 间隔多少秒同步一次   self.sleep_time = es_config.get("sleep_time")   # 为了解决同步时数据更新产生的误差   self.time_difference = es_config.get("time_difference")   # 当前时间,留有后用   self.datetime_now = ""   # es的ip和端口   es_host = elasticsearch.get("hosts")   # 连接es   self.es = Elasticsearch(es_host)   # 连接mysql   self.mm = MysqlManager()  except :   print(traceback.format_exc()) def tongbu_es_mm(self):  try:   # 同步开始时间   start_time = time.time()   print("start..............",time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(start_time)))   # 这个list用于批量插入es   actions = []   # 获得所有sql文件list   statement_filespath = mysql.get("statement_filespath",[])   if self.datetime_now:    # 当前时间加上时间差(间隔时间加上执行同步用掉的时间，等于上一次同步开始时间)再字符串格式化    # sql中格式化时间时年月日和时分秒之间不能空格，不然导入es时报解析错误，所以这里的时间格式化也统一中间加一个T    self.datetime_now = time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time()-(self.sleep_time+self.time_difference)))   else:    self.datetime_now = "1999-01-01T00:00:00"   if statement_filespath:    for filepath in statement_filespath:     # sql文件     sqlfile = filepath.get("sqlfile")     # es的索引     es_index = filepath.get("index")     # es的type     es_type = filepath.get("type")     # 读取sql文件内容     with open(sqlfile,"r") as opf:      sqldatas = opf.read()      # ::datetime_now是一个自定义的特殊字符串用于增量更新      if "::datetime_now" in sqldatas:       sqldatas = sqldatas.replace("::datetime_now",self.datetime_now)      else:       sqldatas = sqldatas      # es和sql字段的映射      dict_set = db_field.get(es_type)      # 访问mysql，得到一个list，元素都是字典，键是字段名，值是数据      db_data_list = self.mm.select_all_dict(sqldatas, dict_set)      if db_data_list:       # 将数据拼装成es的格式       for db_data in db_data_list:        action = {         "_index": es_index,         "_type": es_type,         "@timestamp": time.strftime("%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S", time.localtime(time.time())),         "_source": db_data        }        # 如果没有id字段就自动生成        es_id = db_data.get("id", "")        if es_id:         action["_id"] = es_id        # 是否显示json再终端        if self.show_json:         print(action)        # 将拼装好的数据放进list中        actions.append(action)   # list不为空就批量插入数据到es中   if len(actions) > 0 :    helpers.bulk(self.es, actions)  except Exception as e:   print(traceback.format_exc())  else:   end_time = time.time()   print("end...................",time.strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S", time.localtime(start_time)))   self.time_difference = end_time-start_time  finally:   # 报错就关闭数据库   self.mm.close()def main(): tb = TongBu() # 间隔多少秒同步一次 sleep_time = tb.sleep_time # 死循环执行导入数据，加上时间间隔 while True:  tb.tongbu_es_mm()  time.sleep(sleep_time)if __name__ == '__main__': main()