Java基于享元模式实现五子棋游戏功能实例详解

2019-11-26 09:59:49

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本文实例讲述了Java基于享元模式实现五子棋游戏功能。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

一、模式定义

享元模式，以共享的方式高效地支持大量的细粒度对象。通过复用内存中已存在的对象，降低系统创建对象实例的性能消耗。享元的英文是Flyweight，表示特别小的对象，即细粒度对象。

二、模式举例

1. 模式分析

我们借用五子棋游戏来说明这一模式。

2. 享元模式静态类图

3. 代码示例

3.1 创建抽象棋子一AbstractChessman

package com.demo.flyweight.object;public abstract class AbstractChessman {  // 棋子坐标  protected int x;  protected int y;  // 棋子类别（黑|白）  protected String chess;  public AbstractChessman(String chess) {    this.chess = chess;  }  // 点坐标设置  public abstract void point(int x, int y);  // 显示棋子信息  public void show() {    System.out.println(this.chess + "(" + this.x + "," + this.y + ")");  }}

3.2 创建黑子一BlackChessman

package com.demo.flyweight.object;public class BlackChessman extends AbstractChessman {  /**   * 构造方法 初始化黑棋子   */  public BlackChessman() {    super("●");    System.out.println("--BlackChessman Construction Exec!!!");  }  // 点坐标设置  @Override  public void point(int x, int y) {    this.x = x;    this.y = y;    // 显示棋子内容    show();  }}

3.3 创建白子一WhiteChessman

package com.demo.flyweight.object;public class WhiteChessman extends AbstractChessman {  /**   * 构造方法 初始化白棋子   */  public WhiteChessman() {    super("○");    System.out.println("--WhiteChessman Construction Exec!!!");  }  // 点坐标设置  @Override  public void point(int x, int y) {    this.x = x;    this.y = y;    // 显示棋子内容    show();  }}

3.4 创建棋子工厂一FiveChessmanFactory

package com.demo.flyweight.factory;import java.util.Hashtable;import com.demo.flyweight.object.AbstractChessman;import com.demo.flyweight.object.BlackChessman;import com.demo.flyweight.object.WhiteChessman;public class FiveChessmanFactory {  // 单例模式工厂  private static FiveChessmanFactory fiveChessmanFactory = new FiveChessmanFactory();  // 缓存存放共享对象  private final Hashtable<Character, AbstractChessman> cache = new Hashtable<Character, AbstractChessman>();  // 私有化构造方法  private FiveChessmanFactory() {  }  // 获得单例工厂  public static FiveChessmanFactory getInstance() {    return fiveChessmanFactory;  }  /**   * 根据字符获得棋子   *   * @param c   *      （B：黑棋 W：白棋）   * @return   */  public AbstractChessman getChessmanObject(char c) {    // 从缓存中获得棋子对象实例    AbstractChessman abstractChessman = this.cache.get(c);    if (abstractChessman == null) {      // 缓存中没有棋子对象实例信息 则创建棋子对象实例 并放入缓存      switch (c) {      case 'B':        abstractChessman = new BlackChessman();        break;      case 'W':        abstractChessman = new WhiteChessman();        break;      default:        break;      }      // 为防止 非法字符的进入 返回null      if (abstractChessman != null) {        // 放入缓存        this.cache.put(c, abstractChessman);      }    }    // 如果缓存中存在 棋子对象则直接返回    return abstractChessman;  }}

3.5 客户端实现一Client

package com.demo;import java.util.Random;import com.demo.flyweight.factory.FiveChessmanFactory;import com.demo.flyweight.object.AbstractChessman;/** * 主应用程序 * * @author */public class Client {  /**   * @param args   */  public static void main(String[] args) {    // 创建五子棋工厂    FiveChessmanFactory fiveChessmanFactory = FiveChessmanFactory        .getInstance();    Random random = new Random();    int radom = 0;    AbstractChessman abstractChessman = null;    // 随机获得棋子    for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {      radom = random.nextInt(2);      switch (radom) {      // 获得黑棋      case 0:        abstractChessman = fiveChessmanFactory.getChessmanObject('B');        break;      // 获得白棋      case 1:        abstractChessman = fiveChessmanFactory.getChessmanObject('W');        break;      }      if (abstractChessman != null) {        abstractChessman.point(i, random.nextInt(15));      }    }  }}

4. 运行结果