java使用DOM对XML文档进行增删改查操作实例代码

package com.zc.homeWork18;import java.io.File;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilder;import javax.xml.parsers.DocumentBuilderFactory;import javax.xml.transform.Transformer;import javax.xml.transform.TransformerFactory;import javax.xml.transform.dom.DOMSource;import javax.xml.transform.stream.StreamResult;import javax.xml.xpath.XPath;import javax.xml.xpath.XPathConstants;import javax.xml.xpath.XPathExpressionException;import javax.xml.xpath.XPathFactory;import org.w3c.dom.Document;import org.w3c.dom.Element;import org.w3c.dom.Node;import org.w3c.dom.NodeList;public class XMLWriter {  private static String xmlPath = "src//com//zc//homeWork18//MyXml.xml";  public static void getFamilyMemebers() {  /*     * 创建文件工厂实例     */    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();    // 如果创建的解析器在解析XML文档时必须删除元素内容中的空格，则为true，否则为false    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);    try {      /*       * 创建文件对象       */      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();// 创建解析器，解析XML文档      Document doc = db.parse(xmlPath); // 使用dom解析xml文件      /*       * 历遍列表，进行XML文件的数据提取       */      // 根据节点名称来获取所有相关的节点      NodeList sonlist = doc.getElementsByTagName("son");      for (int i = 0; i < sonlist.getLength(); i++) // 循环处理对象      {        // 节点属性的处理        Element son = (Element) sonlist.item(i);        // 循环节点son内的所有子节点        for (Node node = son.getFirstChild(); node != null; node = node            .getNextSibling()) {          // 判断是否为元素节点          if (node.getNodeType() == Node.ELEMENT_NODE) {            String name = node.getNodeName();            String value = node.getFirstChild().getNodeValue();            System.out.println(name + " : " + value);          }        }      }    } catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println(e.getMessage());    }  }  // 修改  public static void modifySon() {    // 创建文件工厂实例    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);    try {      // 从XML文档中获取DOM文档实例      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();      // 获取Document对象      Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);      // 获取根节点      Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();      // 定位id为001的节点      Element per = (Element) selectSingleNode("/father/son[@id='001']",          root);      // 将age节点的内容更改为28      per.getElementsByTagName("age").item(0).setTextContent("28");      // 保存      TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();      Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();      former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(          xmlPath)));    } catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println(e.getMessage());    }  }  // 获取目标节点，进行删除，最后保存  public static void discardSon() {    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(true);    try {      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();      Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);      // 获取根节点      Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();      // 定位根节点中的id=002的节点      Element son = (Element) selectSingleNode("/father/son[@id='002']",          root);      // 删除该节点      root.removeChild(son);      // 保存      TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();      Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();      former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(          xmlPath)));    } catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println(e.getMessage());    }  }  // 新增节点  public static void createSon() {    // 创建文件工厂实例    DocumentBuilderFactory dbf = DocumentBuilderFactory.newInstance();    dbf.setIgnoringElementContentWhitespace(false);    try {      DocumentBuilder db = dbf.newDocumentBuilder();      // 创建Document对象      Document xmldoc = db.parse(xmlPath);      // 获取根节点      Element root = xmldoc.getDocumentElement();      // 创建节点son，设置对应的id为004      Element son = xmldoc.createElement("son");      son.setAttribute("id", "004");      // 创建节点name      Element name = xmldoc.createElement("name");      name.setTextContent("小儿子");      son.appendChild(name);      // 创建节点age      Element age = xmldoc.createElement("age");      age.setTextContent("0");      son.appendChild(age);      // 把son添加到根节点中      root.appendChild(son);      // 保存      TransformerFactory factory = TransformerFactory.newInstance();      Transformer former = factory.newTransformer();      former.transform(new DOMSource(xmldoc), new StreamResult(new File(          xmlPath)));    } catch (Exception e) {      System.out.println(e.getMessage());    }  }  // 修改节点信息  public static Node selectSingleNode(String express, Element source) {    Node result = null;    //创建XPath工厂    XPathFactory xpathFactory = XPathFactory.newInstance();    //创建XPath对象    XPath xpath = xpathFactory.newXPath();    try {      result = (Node) xpath.evaluate(express, source, XPathConstants.NODE);      System.out.println(result);    } catch (XPathExpressionException e) {      System.out.println(e.getMessage());    }    return result;  }  // 打印  public static void main(String[] args) {    getFamilyMemebers();    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");    modifySon();    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");    System.out.println("修改数据");    getFamilyMemebers();    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");    discardSon();    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");    System.out.println("删除数据");    getFamilyMemebers();    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");    createSon();    System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~");    System.out.println("添加数据");    getFamilyMemebers();  }}

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="no"?><father>  <son id="001">    <name>老大</name>    <age>20</age>  </son>  <son id="002">    <name>老二</name>    <age>18</age>  </son>  <son id="003">    <name>老三</name>    <age>13</age>  </son></father>