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Spring框架web项目实战全代码分享

2019-11-26 10:50:15
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以下是一个最简单的示例

1、新建一个标准的javaweb项目

2、导入spring所需的一些基本的jar包

3、配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5"    xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee    http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">   <!-- 应用程序Spring上下文配置 -->   <context-param>     <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>     <param-value>       classpath*:applicationContext*.xml,     </param-value>   </context-param>    <!-- spring上下文加载监听器 -->   <listener>     <listener-class>       org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener     </listener-class>   </listener>  <welcome-file-list>   <welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file>  </welcome-file-list> </web-app> 

4、添加spring配置文件applicationContext

5、对applicationContext.xml文件做最简单的配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"     xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd"    default-lazy-init="false" default-autowire="byName">   <bean id="user" class="com.po.User">     <property name="name" value="张三"/>   </bean> </beans> 

beans――xml文件的根节点。

xmlns――是XMLNameSpace的缩写,因为XML文件的标签名称都是自定义的,自己写的和其他人定义的标签很有可能会重复命名,而功能却不一样,所以需要加上一个namespace来区分这个xml文件和其他的xml文件,类似于java中的package。

xmlns:xsi――是指xml文件遵守xml规范,xsi全名:xmlschemainstance,是指具体用到的schema资源文件里定义的元素所准守的规范。即/spring-beans-2.0.xsd这个文件里定义的元素遵守什么标准。

xsi:schemaLocation――是指,本文档里的xml元素所遵守的规范,schemaLocation属性用来引用(schema)模式文档,解析器可以在需要的情况下使用这个文档对XML实例文档进行校验。它的值(URI)是成对出现的,第一个值表示命名空间,第二个值则表示描述该命名空间的模式文档的具体位置,两个值之间以空格分隔。

6、新建一个实体类User.java

package com.po;  public class User {   private String name;   private String age;   public String getName() {     return name;   }   public void setName(String name) {     this.name = name;   }   public String getAge() {     return age;   }   public void setAge(String age) {     this.age = age;   } } 

7、测试

public static void main(String[] args) {   // TODO Auto-generated method stub   ApplicationContext ac = new FileSystemXmlApplicationContext("config/applicationContext.xml");   User user =(User)ac.getBean("user");   System.out.println(user.getName()); } 

输出

这就实现web项目搭建基础spring框架。接下来就做一些真正项目中会用到的一些扩展
可以在web.xml中配置一些spring框架集成的功能或其他设置

<!-- 字符编码过滤器,必须放在过滤器的最上面 -->   <filter>     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>     <init-param>       <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>       <param-value>true</param-value>     </init-param>     <init-param>       <param-name>encoding</param-name>       <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>     </init-param>   </filter>   <filter-mapping>     <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>   </filter-mapping>    <!-- 配置延迟加载时使用OpenSessionInView-->   <filter>     <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>     <filter-class>     org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter     </filter-class>     <init-param>       <param-name>singleSession</param-name>       <param-value>true</param-value>     </init-param>     <init-param>       <param-name>sessionFactoryBeanName</param-name>       <!--指定对Spring配置中哪个sessionFactory使用OpenSessionInView-->       <param-value>sessionFactory</param-value>     </init-param>   </filter>    <filter-mapping>     <filter-name>openSessionInViewFilter</filter-name>     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>   </filter-mapping>   <!-- spring security过滤器 org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy(委托过滤器代理)-->     <!-- 使用springSecurity或apache shiro就会用到这个过滤器,-->   <filter>     <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>     <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>   </filter>   <filter-mapping>     <filter-name>springSecurityFilterChain</filter-name>     <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>   </filter-mapping> <!-- 声明 Spring MVC DispatcherServlet -->   <servlet>     <servlet-name>springDispatcher</servlet-name>     <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>     <init-param>       <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>       <param-value>classpath*:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>     </init-param>     <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <!-- map all requests for /* to the dispatcher servlet -->   <servlet-mapping>     <servlet-name>springDispatcher</servlet-name>     <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>   </servlet-mapping> <!-- 配置出错页面 -->   <error-page>     <error-code>404</error-code>     <location>errorpage/404.jsp</location>   </error-page>   <!-- 401错误 -->   <error-page>     <error-code>401</error-code>     <location>/errorpage/401.html</location>   </error-page> <!-- 为每个jsp页面引入taglib.jspf等文件 -->   <jsp-config>     <taglib>       <taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/runqianReport4.tld</taglib-uri>       <taglib-location>/WEB-INF/runqianReport4.tld</taglib-location>      </taglib>     <jsp-property-group>       <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern>       <page-encoding>UTF-8</page-encoding>       <include-prelude>/tag/taglib.jspf</include-prelude>       <!--<trim-directive-whitespaces>true</trim-directive-whitespaces> -->     </jsp-property-group>   </jsp-config> 

其中jspf就是做一些全局的声明

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" <span style="white-space:pre">  </span>pageEncoding="UTF-8"%> <%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core"%> <%@ taglib prefix="fn" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions"%> <%@ taglib prefix="fmt" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt"%> <%@ taglib prefix="fnc" uri="/WEB-INF/tlds/fnc.tld" %> <%@ taglib tagdir="/WEB-INF/tags" prefix="mytag"%> <c:set var="ctx" scope="session" <span style="white-space:pre">  </span>value="${pageContext.request.contextPath}" /> 

可以在applicationContext.xml中配置更多的功能

<!-- beans可以添加更多声明 --> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd     http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd"    default-lazy-init="false" default-autowire="byName"> <!-- 使用注解定义切面 -->   <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />    <mvc:annotation-driven />  <!-- spring 注释代替配置,自动扫描的基础包,将扫描该包以及所有子包下的所有类需要把controller去掉,否则影响事务管理 -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.schoolnet">     <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />   </context:component-scan> <!-- 配置系统properties配置文件 --> <bean id="propertyConfigurer"     class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">     <property name="fileEncoding" value="UTF-8" />     <property name="locations">       <list>         <value>classpath:jdbc.properties</value>       </list>     </property>   </bean> <!-- 数据源配置 -->   <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource"      destroy-method="close">      <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driverClassName}" />      <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${jdbc.url}" />      <property name="user" value="${jdbc.username}" />      <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" />      <property name="minPoolSize">        <value>1</value>      </property>      <property name="maxPoolSize" value="100" />      <property name="initialPoolSize" value="3" />      <!--最大空闲时间,60秒内未使用则连接被丢弃。若为0则永不丢弃。Default: 0 -->      <property name="maxIdleTime" value="60" />      <!--当连接池中的连接耗尽的时候c3p0一次同时获取的连接数。Default: 3 -->      <property name="acquireIncrement" value="5" />      <property name="maxStatements" value="0" />      <!--每60秒检查所有连接池中的空闲连接。Default: 0 -->      <property name="idleConnectionTestPeriod" value="60" />      <!--定义在从数据库获取新连接失败后重复尝试的次数。Default: 30 -->      <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="30" />      <!-- 获取连接失败将会引起所有等待连接池来获取连接的线程抛出异常。但是数据源仍有效 保留,并在下次调用getConnection()的时候继续尝试获取连接。如果设为true,那么在尝试         获取连接失败后该数据源将申明已断开并永久关闭。Default: false -->      <property name="breakAfterAcquireFailure" value="false" />      <!-- 因性能消耗大请只在需要的时候使用它。如果设为true那么在每个connection提交的 时候都将校验其有效性。建议使用idleConnectionTestPeriod或automaticTestTable         等方法来提升连接测试的性能。Default: false -->      <property name="testConnectionOnCheckout" value="false" />    </bean>   <!-- 定义事务管理器(声明式的事务)--> <!-- 支持 @Transactional 标记 --> <!-- 方式一:DataSourceTransactionManager -->   <bean id="transactionManager"      class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">      <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />    </bean>    <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager"/>   <!-- 方式二:hibernateTransactionManager -->   <bean id="hibernateTransactionManager"      class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.HibernateTransactionManager">      <property name="sessionFactory">        <ref local="sessionFactory" />      </property>    </bean>   <!-- 配置hibernate的session工厂 -->    <bean id="sessionFactory"     class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.LocalSessionFactoryBean">     <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />     <property name="lobHandler" ref="lobHandler"/>     <property name="mappingLocations">       <list>         <value>classpath*:/com/schoolnet/**/*.hbm.xml</value>       </list>     </property>     <property name="hibernateProperties">       <props>         <!-- 解决在Oracle多个表空间表名相同导致hibernate不会自动生成表 -->         <prop key="hibernate.default_schema">${jdbc.username}</prop>         <prop key="hibernate.dialect">           org.hibernate.dialect.Oracle10gDialect         </prop>         <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>         <!--解决内存泄漏问题 -->         <prop key="hibernate.generate_statistics">false</prop>         <prop key="hibernate.connection.release_mode">           auto         </prop>         <prop key="hibernate.autoReconnect">true</prop>         <prop key="hibernate.cache.provider_class">           org.hibernate.cache.EhCacheProvider         </prop>         <!--解决内存泄漏问题 -->         <prop key="hibernate.cache.use_query_cache">false</prop>         <prop key="use_second_level_cache">false</prop>          <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>         <prop key="current_session_context_class">thread</prop>       </props>     </property>     <property name="eventListeners">       <map>         <entry key="merge">           <bean             class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.support.IdTransferringMergeEventListener" />         </entry>       </map>     </property>   </bean> <!--2.配置Hibernate事务特性 -->   <tx:advice id="txAdvice" transaction-manager="hibernateTransactionManager">     <tx:attributes>       <tx:method name="save*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="add*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="update*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="modify*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="del*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="start*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="stop*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="assign*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="clear*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="execute*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="insert*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="do*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="set*" propagation="REQUIRED" rollback-for="Exception" />       <tx:method name="*N" propagation="NEVER" />       <tx:method name="*" read-only="true"/>     </tx:attributes>   </tx:advice> <!-- 配置那些类的方法进行事务管理 -->   <aop:config>     <aop:advisor pointcut="execution(* com.eshine..*.service.*.*(..))"       advice-ref="txAdvice" />   </aop:config> 

spring-mvc.xml文件配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"   xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"   xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd    http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd   http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsd">    <context:component-scan base-package="com.schoolnet" use-default-filters="false">     <context:include-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller" />   </context:component-scan>   <mvc:annotation-driven />   <mvc:default-servlet-handler />   <!-- jsp视图解析器 -->   <bean id="jspViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">     <property name="prefix" value="/" />     <property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />     <property name="order" value="0" />     <property name="contentType" value="text/html;charset=UTF-8" />   </bean>    <!--多文上传,限制1G文件 -->   <bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">     <property name="maxUploadSize" value="1073741824" />   </bean> </beans> 

总结

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