java利用java.net.URLConnection发送HTTP请求的方法详解

package me.http;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import java.io.OutputStream;import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.InetSocketAddress;import java.net.Proxy;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLConnection;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.Map;public class HttpRequestor {  private String charset = "utf-8"; private Integer connectTimeout = null; private Integer socketTimeout = null; private String proxyHost = null; private Integer proxyPort = null;  /**  * Do GET request  * @param url  * @return  * @throws Exception  * @throws IOException  */ public String doGet(String url) throws Exception {    URL localURL = new URL(url);    URLConnection connection = this.openConnection(localURL);  HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection)connection;    httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", charset);  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");    InputStream inputStream = null;  InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = null;  BufferedReader reader = null;  StringBuffer resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();  String tempLine = null;  //响应失败  if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() >= 300) {   throw new Exception("HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());  }    try {   inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();   inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);   reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);      while ((tempLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {    resultBuffer.append(tempLine);   }     } finally {      if (reader != null) {    reader.close();   }      if (inputStreamReader != null) {    inputStreamReader.close();   }      if (inputStream != null) {    inputStream.close();   }     }  return resultBuffer.toString(); }  /**  * Do POST request  * @param url  * @param parameterMap  * @return  * @throws Exception   */ public String doPost(String url, Map parameterMap) throws Exception {    /* Translate parameter map to parameter date string */  StringBuffer parameterBuffer = new StringBuffer();  if (parameterMap != null) {   Iterator iterator = parameterMap.keySet().iterator();   String key = null;   String value = null;   while (iterator.hasNext()) {    key = (String)iterator.next();    if (parameterMap.get(key) != null) {     value = (String)parameterMap.get(key);    } else {     value = "";    }        parameterBuffer.append(key).append("=").append(value);    if (iterator.hasNext()) {     parameterBuffer.append("&");    }   }  }    System.out.println("POST parameter : " + parameterBuffer.toString());    URL localURL = new URL(url);    URLConnection connection = this.openConnection(localURL);  HttpURLConnection httpURLConnection = (HttpURLConnection)connection;    httpURLConnection.setDoOutput(true);  httpURLConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept-Charset", charset);  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");  httpURLConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(parameterBuffer.length()));    OutputStream outputStream = null;  OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = null;  InputStream inputStream = null;  InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = null;  BufferedReader reader = null;  StringBuffer resultBuffer = new StringBuffer();  String tempLine = null;    try {   outputStream = httpURLConnection.getOutputStream();   outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream);      outputStreamWriter.write(parameterBuffer.toString());   outputStreamWriter.flush();   //响应失败   if (httpURLConnection.getResponseCode() >= 300) {    throw new Exception("HTTP Request is not success, Response code is " + httpURLConnection.getResponseCode());   }   //接收响应流   inputStream = httpURLConnection.getInputStream();   inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);   reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);      while ((tempLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {    resultBuffer.append(tempLine);   }     } finally {      if (outputStreamWriter != null) {    outputStreamWriter.close();   }      if (outputStream != null) {    outputStream.close();   }      if (reader != null) {    reader.close();   }      if (inputStreamReader != null) {    inputStreamReader.close();   }      if (inputStream != null) {    inputStream.close();   }     }  return resultBuffer.toString(); } private URLConnection openConnection(URL localURL) throws IOException {  URLConnection connection;  if (proxyHost != null && proxyPort != null) {   Proxy proxy = new Proxy(Proxy.Type.HTTP, new InetSocketAddress(proxyHost, proxyPort));   connection = localURL.openConnection(proxy);  } else {   connection = localURL.openConnection();  }  return connection; }  /**  * Render request according setting  * @param request  */ private void renderRequest(URLConnection connection) {    if (connectTimeout != null) {   connection.setConnectTimeout(connectTimeout);  }    if (socketTimeout != null) {   connection.setReadTimeout(socketTimeout);  }   } /*  * Getter & Setter  */ public Integer getConnectTimeout() {  return connectTimeout; } public void setConnectTimeout(Integer connectTimeout) {  this.connectTimeout = connectTimeout; } public Integer getSocketTimeout() {  return socketTimeout; } public void setSocketTimeout(Integer socketTimeout) {  this.socketTimeout = socketTimeout; } public String getProxyHost() {  return proxyHost; } public void setProxyHost(String proxyHost) {  this.proxyHost = proxyHost; } public Integer getProxyPort() {  return proxyPort; } public void setProxyPort(Integer proxyPort) {  this.proxyPort = proxyPort; } public String getCharset() {  return charset; } public void setCharset(String charset) {  this.charset = charset; } }

package me.loginServlet;import java.io.IOException;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/** * Servlet implementation class LoginServlet */@WebServlet("/LoginServlet")public class LoginServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   /**  * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()  */ public LoginServlet() {  super();  // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /**  * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  // TODO Auto-generated method stub  System.out.println("111"); } /**  * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  // TODO Auto-generated method stub   String username = request.getParameter("username");   String blog = request.getParameter("blog");      System.out.println(username);   System.out.println(blog);      response.setContentType("text/plain; charset=UTF-8");   response.setCharacterEncoding("UTF-8");//响应流   response.getWriter().write("It is ok!");   }}

package me.http;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;public class Test {public static void main(String[] args) {  /* Post Request */ Map dataMap = new HashMap(); dataMap.put("username", "Nick Huang"); dataMap.put("blog", "IT"); try {  System.out.println(new HttpRequestor().doPost("http://localhost:8081/TestProgect2/LoginServlet", dataMap));  //System.out.println(new HttpRequestor().doGet("http://localhost:8081/TestProgect2/LoginServlet")); } catch (Exception e) {  // TODO Auto-generated catch block  e.printStackTrace(); }  /* Get Request */ }}

package me.http;import java.io.BufferedReader;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.InputStream;import java.io.InputStreamReader;import javax.servlet.ServletException;import javax.servlet.annotation.WebServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;/** * Servlet implementation class HttpListenerServlet */@WebServlet("/HttpListenerServlet")public class HttpListenerServlet extends HttpServlet { private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;   /**  * @see HttpServlet#HttpServlet()  */ public HttpListenerServlet() {  super();  // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } /**  * @see HttpServlet#doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  */ protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  // TODO Auto-generated method stub } /**  * @see HttpServlet#doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)  */ protected void doPost(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws ServletException, IOException {  // TODO Auto-generated method stub   InputStream inputStream = null;   inputStream = request.getInputStream();   InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(inputStream);   BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader);   String tempLine = null;   StringBuffer resultBuffer=new StringBuffer();   while ((tempLine = reader.readLine()) != null) {    resultBuffer.append(tempLine);   }      System.out.println(resultBuffer.toString()); }}