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Spring框架生成图片验证码实例

2019-11-26 13:56:11
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这篇文章会从前台页面到后台实现完整的讲解,下面跟着小编一起来看看。

1、前台的代码,image.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><title>获取图片验证码</title><script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath }/static/js/jquery-1.10.2.min.js"></script></head><body> <form action="##" method='post'>   <input type="hidden" id="userId" name="userId" value="">     <div class="form-group">     <div class="email controls">      <input type="text" name='loginName' id="loginName" placeholder="用户名" value="" class='form-control'/>     </div>    </div>    <div class="form-group">     <div class="pw controls">      <input type="password" autocomplete="off" id="pwd" name="pwd" placeholder="密码" class='form-control'/>     </div>    </div>    <div class="form-group">     <div class="email controls">      <input id="validateCode" onblur="checkImg(this.value)" name="validateCode" type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="输入验证码"/>      </div>     <span class="y_yzimg"><img id="codeValidateImg" onClick="javascript:flushValidateCode();"/></span>     <p class="y_change"><a href="javascript:flushValidateCode();" >换一张</a></p>    </div>    <div class="form-group">     <span class="text-danger"></span>    </div>    <div class="submit">     <div class="remember">        <input type="checkbox" name="remember" value="1" class='icheck-me' data-skin="square" data-color="blue" id="remember">      <label for="remember">记住我</label>     </div>     <input type="button" value="登录" onclick="javascript:submitForm();" class='btn btn-primary'>    </div>   </form><script type="text/javascript">$(document).ready(function() { flushValidateCode();//进入页面就刷新生成验证码 });/* 刷新生成验证码 */function flushValidateCode(){var validateImgObject = document.getElementById("codeValidateImg");validateImgObject.src = "${pageContext.request.contextPath }/getSysManageLoginCode?time=" + new Date();}/*校验验证码输入是否正确*/function checkImg(code){ var url = "${pageContext.request.contextPath}/checkimagecode"; $.get(url,{"validateCode":code},function(data){ if(data=="ok"){ alert("ok!") }else{ alert("error!") flushValidateCode(); } })}</script></body></html>

2、后台代码ImageGenController.java

package com.dufyun.springmvc.web.controller;import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.util.StringUtils;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import com.dufy.javaweb.test.RandomValidateCode;@Controllerpublic class ImageGenController { @RequestMapping(value="/toImg") public String toImg(){  return "image/image"; } //登录获取验证码 @RequestMapping("/getSysManageLoginCode") @ResponseBody public String getSysManageLoginCode(HttpServletResponse response,   HttpServletRequest request) {  response.setContentType("image/jpeg");// 设置相应类型,告诉浏览器输出的内容为图片  response.setHeader("Pragma", "No-cache");// 设置响应头信息,告诉浏览器不要缓存此内容  response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");  response.setHeader("Set-Cookie", "name=value; HttpOnly");//设置HttpOnly属性,防止Xss攻击  response.setDateHeader("Expire", 0);  RandomValidateCode randomValidateCode = new RandomValidateCode();  try {   randomValidateCode.getRandcode(request, response,"imagecode");// 输出图片方法  } catch (Exception e) {   e.printStackTrace();  }  return ""; } //验证码验证 @RequestMapping(value = "/checkimagecode") @ResponseBody public String checkTcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response) {  String validateCode = request.getParameter("validateCode");  String code = null;  //1:获取cookie里面的验证码信息  Cookie[] cookies = request.getCookies();  for (Cookie cookie : cookies) {   if ("imagecode".equals(cookie.getName())) {    code = cookie.getValue();    break;   }  }  //1:获取session验证码的信息  //String code1 = (String) request.getSession().getAttribute("");  //2:判断验证码是否正确  if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(validateCode) && validateCode.equals(code)){   return "ok";   }  return "error";  //这里我没有进行字母大小模糊的验证处理,感兴趣的你可以去试一下! }}

3、生成验证码的工具类RandomValidateCode.java

package com.dufy.javaweb.test;import java.awt.Color;import java.awt.Font;import java.awt.Graphics;import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.util.Random;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;import javax.servlet.http.Cookie;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;public class RandomValidateCode { private Random random = new Random(); private String randString = "0123456789ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ";// 随机产生的字符串 private int width = 80;// 图片宽 private int height = 26;// 图片高 private int lineSize = 40;// 干扰线数量 private int stringNum = 4;// 随机产生字符数量 /* * 获得字体 */ private Font getFont() {  return new Font("Fixedsys", Font.CENTER_BASELINE, 18); } /* * 获得颜色 */ private Color getRandColor(int fc, int bc) {  if (fc > 255)   fc = 255;  if (bc > 255)   bc = 255;  int r = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 16);  int g = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 14);  int b = fc + random.nextInt(bc - fc - 18);  return new Color(r, g, b); } /* * 绘制字符串 */ private String drowString(Graphics g, String randomString, int i) {  g.setFont(getFont());  g.setColor(new Color(random.nextInt(101), random.nextInt(111), random    .nextInt(121)));  String rand = String.valueOf(getRandomString(random.nextInt(randString    .length())));  randomString += rand;  g.translate(random.nextInt(3), random.nextInt(3));  g.drawString(rand, 13 * i, 16);  return randomString; } /* * 绘制干扰线 */ private void drowLine(Graphics g) {  int x = random.nextInt(width);  int y = random.nextInt(height);  int xl = random.nextInt(13);  int yl = random.nextInt(15);  g.drawLine(x, y, x + xl, y + yl); } /* * 获取随机的字符 */ public String getRandomString(int num) {  return String.valueOf(randString.charAt(num)); } /** * 生成随机图片 */ public void getRandcode(HttpServletRequest request,HttpServletResponse response,String key) {  // BufferedImage类是具有缓冲区的Image类,Image类是用于描述图像信息的类  BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height,BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_BGR);  Graphics g = image.getGraphics();// 产生Image对象的Graphics对象,改对象可以在图像上进行各种绘制操作  g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);  g.setFont(new Font("Times New Roman", Font.ROMAN_BASELINE, 18));  g.setColor(getRandColor(110, 133));  // 绘制干扰线  for (int i = 0; i <= lineSize; i++) {   drowLine(g);  }  // 绘制随机字符  String randomString = "";  for (int i = 1; i <= stringNum; i++) {   randomString = drowString(g, randomString, i);  }  //1:将随机生成的验证码放入Cookie中  Cookie cookie = new Cookie(key,randomString);  response.addCookie(cookie);  //2:将随机生成的验证码放入session中  String sessionid = request.getSession().getId();  request.getSession().setAttribute(sessionid+key, randomString);  System.out.println("*************" + randomString);  //总结:这两种方式都是很好,  //(1):使用cookie的方式,将验证码发送到前台浏览器,不安全!不建议使用。  //(2):使用session的方式,虽然能解决验证码不发送到浏览器,安全性较高了,但是如果用户量太大,这样的存储方式会对服务器造成压力,影响服务器的性能。不建议使用。  //这里暂时实现用这种方式,好的办法是,在项目中使用的缓存,将生成的验证码存放到缓存中,设置失效时间,这样既可以实现安全性也能减轻服务器的压力。  g.dispose();  try {   ByteArrayOutputStream tmp = new ByteArrayOutputStream();   ImageIO.write(image, "png", tmp);   tmp.close();   Integer contentLength = tmp.size();   response.setHeader("content-length", contentLength + "");   response.getOutputStream().write(tmp.toByteArray());// 将内存中的图片通过流动形式输出到客户端  } catch (Exception e) {   e.printStackTrace();  }finally{   try {    response.getOutputStream().flush();    response.getOutputStream().close();   } catch (Exception e2) {    e2.printStackTrace();   }  } }}

4、总结

本文的内容到这就结束了,如果对里面的地方有不懂的地方,可以留言讨论。希望本文的内容对大家的学习工作能有所帮助。

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