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ASP.NET MVC使用EPPlus,导出数据到Excel中

2020-01-17 22:33:14
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好久没写博客了,今天特地来更新一下,今天我们要学习的是如何导出数据到Excel文件中,这里我使用的是免费开源的Epplus组件。

源代码下载:https://github.com/caofangsheng93/ExcelExportInMvc

介绍

这篇文章,介绍的是怎样导出数据到Excel文件中,大多数的后端程序都有报表功能:把显示在Grid中的数据导出到Excel文件中,这篇文章中使用的是EPPlus组件。

EPPlus是一个基于OOXML【Open Extended Markup Language 】格式的,操作Excel表格的类库。OOXML是由微软开发的。默认支持微软的Office。

开源网站:http://epplus.codeplex.com/

正文

上面是我们的项目。

首先我们需要引入:EPPlus。

我这里已经引入了。

当我们在程序中使用ORM的时候,我们通常将数据保存在集合中。集合中的数据不能直接导出到Excel文件中。这也就是我们为啥,需要先将List转DataTable的原因。

图1 :导出Excel的步骤

为了完成这篇文章:我们需要四个步骤

1.数据:这里我使用静态数据,来确保这篇文章尽可能通俗易懂。

2.集合:静态数据保存在集合中

3.DataTable:转化泛型集合的数据,保存到DataTable中

4.导出文件:DataTable导出为Excel

首先,我们创建一个类:

public class Student {  public int ID { get; set; }  public string Name { get; set; }  public string Sex { get; set; }  public int Age { get; set; }  public string Email { get; set; } }Student

然后创建一个静态数据类:

public class StaticDataOfStudent {  public static List<Student> ListStudent  {   get    {    return new List<Student>()     {    new Student(){ID=1,Name="曹操",Sex="男",Email="caocao@163.com",Age=24},    new Student(){ID=2,Name="李易峰",Sex="女",Email="lilingjie@sina.com.cn",Age=24},    new Student(){ID=3,Name="张三丰",Sex="男",Email="zhangsanfeng@qq.com",Age=224},    new Student(){ID=4,Name="孙权",Sex="男",Email="sunquan@163.com",Age=1224},    };   }  } }StaticDataOfStudent

然后就是我们的导出Excel帮助类了:

/// <summary> /// Excel导出帮助类 /// </summary> public class ExcelExportHelper {  public static string ExcelContentType  {   get    { return "application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet";   }  }  /// <summary>  /// List转DataTable  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>  /// <param name="data"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static DataTable ListToDataTable<T>(List<T> data)  {   PropertyDescriptorCollection properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(typeof(T));   DataTable dataTable = new DataTable();   for (int i = 0; i < properties.Count; i++)   {    PropertyDescriptor property = properties[i];     dataTable.Columns.Add(property.Name, Nullable.GetUnderlyingType(property.PropertyType) ?? property.PropertyType);    }   object[] values = new object[properties.Count];   foreach (T item in data)   {    for (int i = 0; i < values.Length; i++)    {     values[i] = properties[i].GetValue(item);    }    dataTable.Rows.Add(values);   }   return dataTable;   }  /// <summary>  /// 导出Excel  /// </summary>  /// <param name="dataTable">数据源</param>  /// <param name="heading">工作簿Worksheet</param>  /// <param name="showSrNo">//是否显示行编号</param>  /// <param name="columnsToTake">要导出的列</param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static byte[] ExportExcel(DataTable dataTable, string heading = "", bool showSrNo = false, params string[] columnsToTake)  {   byte[] result = null;   using(ExcelPackage package=new ExcelPackage())   {    ExcelWorksheet workSheet = package.Workbook.Worksheets.Add(string.Format("{0}Data", heading));    int startRowFrom = string.IsNullOrEmpty(heading) ? 1 : 3; //开始的行    //是否显示行编号    if (showSrNo)    {     DataColumn dataColumn = dataTable.Columns.Add("#", typeof(int));     dataColumn.SetOrdinal(0);     int index = 1;     foreach (DataRow item in dataTable.Rows)     {      item[0] = index;      index++;     }    }    //Add Content Into the Excel File    workSheet.Cells["A" + startRowFrom].LoadFromDataTable(dataTable, true);    // autofit width of cells with small content     int columnIndex = 1;    foreach (DataColumn item in dataTable.Columns)    {     ExcelRange columnCells = workSheet.Cells[workSheet.Dimension.Start.Row, columnIndex, workSheet.Dimension.End.Row, columnIndex];      int maxLength = columnCells.Max(cell => cell.Value.ToString().Count());      if (maxLength < 150)      {       workSheet.Column(columnIndex).AutoFit();      }      columnIndex++;     }    // format header - bold, yellow on black     using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom, 1, startRowFrom, dataTable.Columns.Count])    {     r.Style.Font.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.White);     r.Style.Font.Bold = true;     r.Style.Fill.PatternType = OfficeOpenXml.Style.ExcelFillStyle.Solid;     r.Style.Fill.BackgroundColor.SetColor(System.Drawing.ColorTranslator.FromHtml("#1fb5ad"));    }    // format cells - add borders     using (ExcelRange r = workSheet.Cells[startRowFrom + 1, 1, startRowFrom + dataTable.Rows.Count, dataTable.Columns.Count])    {     r.Style.Border.Top.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;     r.Style.Border.Bottom.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;     r.Style.Border.Left.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;     r.Style.Border.Right.Style = ExcelBorderStyle.Thin;     r.Style.Border.Top.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);     r.Style.Border.Bottom.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);     r.Style.Border.Left.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);     r.Style.Border.Right.Color.SetColor(System.Drawing.Color.Black);    }    // removed ignored columns     for (int i = dataTable.Columns.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)    {     if (i == 0 && showSrNo)     {      continue;     }     if (!columnsToTake.Contains(dataTable.Columns[i].ColumnName))     {      workSheet.DeleteColumn(i + 1);     }    }    if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(heading))    {     workSheet.Cells["A1"].Value = heading;     workSheet.Cells["A1"].Style.Font.Size = 20;     workSheet.InsertColumn(1, 1);     workSheet.InsertRow(1, 1);     workSheet.Column(1).Width = 5;    }    result = package.GetAsByteArray();    }   return result;  }  /// <summary>  /// 导出Excel  /// </summary>  /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>  /// <param name="data"></param>  /// <param name="heading"></param>  /// <param name="isShowSlNo"></param>  /// <param name="ColumnsToTake"></param>  /// <returns></returns>  public static byte[] ExportExcel<T>(List<T> data, string heading = "", bool isShowSlNo = false, params string[] ColumnsToTake)  {   return ExportExcel(ListToDataTable<T>(data), heading, isShowSlNo, ColumnsToTake);   } }

到此为止,后端服务器的代码,基本搞完,现在开始设计我们的前端代码:

我们创建一个ViewModel,用来显示数据:

public class StudentViewModel {  public List<Student> ListStudent  {   get    {    return StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;   }  } }

然后创建一个控制器:

 public class HomeController : Controller {  // GET: Home  public ActionResult Index()  {   StudentViewModel model = new StudentViewModel();   return View(model);  }  public FileContentResult ExportToExcel()  {   List<Student> lstStudent = StaticDataOfStudent.ListStudent;   string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};   byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);   return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx");   } }

我们的视图代码:

@model ExportToExcel.Models.StudentViewModel@{ ViewBag.Title = "Excel文件导出";}<div class="panel"> <div class="panel-heading">  <a href="@Url.Action("ExportToExcel")" class="btn btn-primary">Export</a> </div> <div class="panel-body">  <table class="table table-striped table-bordered">   <thead>    <tr>     <th>ID</th>     <th>Name</th>     <th>Sex</th>     <th>Age</th>     <th>Email</th>    </tr>   </thead>   <tbody>    @foreach (var item in Model.ListStudent)    {     <tr>      <td>@item.ID</td>      <td>@item.Name</td>      <td>@item.Sex</td>      <td>@item.Age</td>      <td>@item.Email</td>     </tr>    }   </tbody>  </table> </div></div>

效果图:

点击Export之后,就导出了Excel文件到浏览器中:打开之后。

总结:这个导出帮助类,可以定制导出那些列。

   string[] columns = { "ID", "Name","Age"};   byte[] filecontent = ExcelExportHelper.ExportExcel(lstStudent,"", false, columns);   return File(filecontent, ExcelExportHelper.ExcelContentType, "MyStudent.xlsx"); 

这里我只是导出这三列。

以上就是本文的全部内容,希望本文的内容对大家的学习或者工作能带来一定的帮助,同时也希望多多支持武林网!

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