.NET Unity IOC框架使用实例详解

2020-01-17 22:13:15

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.NET Unity IOC框架的使用实例，具体内容如下

1.IOC简介

IOC(Inversion of Control)，控制反转

DI (Dependency Injection)，依赖注入

IOC的基本概念是：不创建对象，但是描述创建它们的方式。在代码中不直接与对象和服务连接，但在配置文件中描述哪一个组件需要哪一项服务。容器负责将这些联系在一起。

2.Unity引入

3.创建单例模式容器类

using Microsoft.Practices.Unity;using Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Configuration;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;namespace UnityIocTest{ /// <summary> /// Unity IOC单例模式  /// </summary> public class UnitySingleton {  //单例  private static UnitySingleton instance;  //ioc容器  public IUnityContainer container;  //获取单例  public static UnitySingleton getInstance()  {   if (instance == null || instance.container == null)   {    string configFile = "Unity.config";    var fileMap = new ExeConfigurationFileMap { ExeConfigFilename = configFile };    //从config文件中读取配置信息    Configuration configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenMappedExeConfiguration(fileMap, ConfigurationUserLevel.None);    //获取指定名称的配置节    UnityConfigurationSection section = (UnityConfigurationSection)configuration.GetSection("unity");    instance = new UnitySingleton()    {     //container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration((UnityConfigurationSection)ConfigurationManager.GetSection("unity"), "MyContainer")     container = new UnityContainer().LoadConfiguration(section, "MyContainer")     //container = new UnityContainer()    };    //instance.container.RegisterType<IExampleClass, ExampleClass>();   }   return instance;  }  //IOC注入实体  public static T GetInstanceDAL<T>()  {   return getInstance().container.Resolve<T>();  } }}

此处是将Unity config配置单独成一个文件，方便管理。

4.添加IOC相关类

接口类

public interface IExampleClass{ void DoHelloWord();}

具体实现类

public class ExampleClass : IExampleClass {  public void DoHelloWord()  {   Console.WriteLine("Hello Word!");  } }

实现类扩展

public class DIExampleClass {  //属性注入  [Dependency]  public IExampleClass example { get; set; }    private IExampleClass testInject;  public void DoWork()  {   example.DoHelloWord();   testInject.DoHelloWord();  }  //方法注入  [InjectionMethod]  public void Initialize(IExampleClass instance)  {   testInject = instance;  } }

5.添加配置文件Unity.config

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?><configuration> <configSections> <section name="unity" type="Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration.UnityConfigurationSection,Microsoft.Practices.Unity.Configuration" /> </configSections> <unity> <!--定义类型别名--> <aliases>  <add alias="IExampleClass" type="UnityIocTest.IExampleClass,UnityIocTest" />  <add alias="ExampleClass" type="UnityIocTest.ExampleClass,UnityIocTest" /> </aliases> <!--容器--> <container name="MyContainer">  <!--映射关系-->  <!--<register type="IExampleClass" mapTo="ExampleClass"></register>-->  <register type="UnityIocTest.IExampleClass,UnityIocTest" mapTo="UnityIocTest.ExampleClass,UnityIocTest"></register> </container> </unity></configuration>

6.函数调用

class Program {  static void Main(string[] args)  {   //var dao = UnitySingleton.GetInstanceDAL<IExampleClass>();   var dao = UnitySingleton.GetInstanceDAL<DIExampleClass>();   dao.DoWork();   Console.ReadLine();  } }

7.结果显示