灵活掌握asp.net中gridview控件的多种使用方法（上）

2020-01-17 23:04:28

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灵活使用asp.net中gridview控件的方法有很多种，本文内容很富，希望大家都能有所收获。

1.GridView无代码分页排序：

效果图：

小提示：

1.AllowSorting设为True，aspx代码中是AllowSorting="True"；
2.默认1页10条，如果要修改每页条数，修改PageSize即可，在aspx代码中是PageSize="12"。
3.默认的是单向排序的，右击GridView弹出“属性”，选择AllowSorting为True即可。

2.GridView选中，编辑，取消，删除：

效果图：

后台代码：
你可以使用sqlhelper,本文没用。代码如下：

using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Data.SqlClient;public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page{SqlConnection sqlcon;SqlCommand sqlcom;string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=数据库名;Uid=帐号;Pwd=密码";protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){if (!IsPostBack){bind();}}protected void GridView1_RowEditing(object sender, GridViewEditEventArgs e){GridView1.EditIndex = e.NewEditIndex;bind();}//删除protected void GridView1_RowDeleting(object sender, GridViewDeleteEventArgs e){string sqlstr = "delete from 表 where id='" + GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'";sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon);sqlcon.Open();sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery();sqlcon.Close();bind();}//更新protected void GridView1_RowUpdating(object sender, GridViewUpdateEventArgs e){sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);string sqlstr = "update 表 set 字段1='"+ ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[1].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段2='"+ ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[2].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "',字段3='"+ ((TextBox)(GridView1.Rows[e.RowIndex].Cells[3].Controls[0])).Text.ToString().Trim() + "' where id='"+ GridView1.DataKeys[e.RowIndex].Value.ToString() + "'";sqlcom=new SqlCommand(sqlstr,sqlcon);sqlcon.Open();sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery();sqlcon.Close();GridView1.EditIndex = -1;bind();}//取消protected void GridView1_RowCancelingEdit(object sender, GridViewCancelEditEventArgs e){GridView1.EditIndex = -1;bind();}//绑定public void bind(){string sqlstr = "select * from 表";sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);DataSet myds = new DataSet();sqlcon.Open();myda.Fill(myds, "表");GridView1.DataSource = myds;GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "id" };//主键GridView1.DataBind();sqlcon.Close();}}

前台主要代码：

... ...<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" CellPadding="4"ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" OnRowDeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" OnRowEditing="GridView1_RowEditing"OnRowUpdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" OnRowCancelingEdit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit"><FooterStyle BackColor="#990000" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><Columns><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" ReadOnly="True" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" /><asp:BoundField DataField="员工性别" HeaderText="性别" /><asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" /><asp:CommandField HeaderText="选择" ShowSelectButton="True" /><asp:CommandField HeaderText="编辑" ShowEditButton="True" /><asp:CommandField HeaderText="删除" ShowDeleteButton="True" /></Columns><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView>

3.GridView正反双向排序：
效果图：点姓名各2次的排序，点其他也一样可以。

后台代码：

using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Collections;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Data.SqlClient;public partial class Default3 : System.Web.UI.Page{SqlConnection sqlcon;string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=";protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){if (!IsPostBack){ViewState["SortOrder"] = "身份证号码";ViewState["OrderDire"] = "ASC";bind();}}protected void GridView1_Sorting(object sender, GridViewSortEventArgs e){string sPage = e.SortExpression;if (ViewState["SortOrder"].ToString() == sPage){if (ViewState["OrderDire"].ToString() == "Desc")ViewState["OrderDire"] = "ASC";elseViewState["OrderDire"] = "Desc";}else{ViewState["SortOrder"] = e.SortExpression;}bind();}public void bind(){string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);DataSet myds = new DataSet();sqlcon.Open();myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室");DataView view = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView;string sort = (string)ViewState["SortOrder"] + " " + (string)ViewState["OrderDire"];view.Sort = sort;GridView1.DataSource = view;GridView1.DataBind();sqlcon.Close();}}

前台主要代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowSorting="True" CellPadding="3" Font-Size="9pt" OnSorting="GridView1_Sorting" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px"><FooterStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" /><Columns><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" SortExpression="身份证号码" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" SortExpression="姓名"/><asp:BoundField DataField="员工性别" HeaderText="性别" SortExpression="员工性别"/><asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址"/></Columns><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView>

4.GridView和下拉菜单DropDownList结合：

效果图：

后台代码：

using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Collections;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Data.SqlClient;public partial class Default4 : System.Web.UI.Page{SqlConnection sqlcon;string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa";protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){DropDownList ddl;if (!IsPostBack){string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);DataSet myds = new DataSet();sqlcon.Open();myda.Fill(myds, "飞狐工作室");GridView1.DataSource = myds;GridView1.DataBind();for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++){DataRowView mydrv = myds.Tables["飞狐工作室"].DefaultView[i];if (Convert.ToString(mydrv["员工性别"]).Trim() == "True"){ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("DropDownList1");ddl.SelectedIndex = 0;}if (Convert.ToString(mydrv["员工性别"]).Trim() == "False"){ddl = (DropDownList)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("DropDownList1");ddl.SelectedIndex = 1;}}sqlcon.Close();}}public SqlDataReader ddlbind(){string sqlstr = "select distinct 员工性别 from 飞狐工作室";sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);SqlCommand sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon);sqlcon.Open();return sqlcom.ExecuteReader();}

前台主要代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowSorting="True" CellPadding="3" Font-Size="9pt" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px"><FooterStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" /><Columns><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" SortExpression="身份证号码" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" SortExpression="姓名"/><asp:TemplateField HeaderText="员工性别"><ItemTemplate><asp:DropDownList ID="DropDownList1" runat="server" DataSource='<%# ddlbind()%>' DataValueField="员工性别" DataTextField="员工性别"></asp:DropDownList></ItemTemplate></asp:TemplateField><asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址"/></Columns><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView>

5.GridView和CheckBox结合：

效果图：

后台代码：

using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Data.SqlClient;public partial class Default5 : System.Web.UI.Page{SqlConnection sqlcon;string strCon = "Data Source=(local);Database=北风贸易;Uid=sa;Pwd=sa";protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e){if (!IsPostBack){bind();}}protected void CheckBox2_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e){for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++){CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1");if (CheckBox2.Checked == true){cbox.Checked = true;}else{cbox.Checked = false;}}}protected void Button2_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);SqlCommand sqlcom;for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++){CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1");if (cbox.Checked == true){string sqlstr = "delete from 飞狐工作室 where 身份证号码='" + GridView1.DataKeys[i].Value + "'";sqlcom = new SqlCommand(sqlstr, sqlcon);sqlcon.Open();sqlcom.ExecuteNonQuery();sqlcon.Close();}}bind();}protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e){CheckBox2.Checked = false;for (int i = 0; i <= GridView1.Rows.Count - 1; i++){CheckBox cbox = (CheckBox)GridView1.Rows[i].FindControl("CheckBox1");cbox.Checked = false;}}public void bind(){string sqlstr = "select top 5 * from 飞狐工作室";sqlcon = new SqlConnection(strCon);SqlDataAdapter myda = new SqlDataAdapter(sqlstr, sqlcon);DataSet myds = new DataSet();sqlcon.Open();myda.Fill(myds, "tb_Member");GridView1.DataSource = myds;GridView1.DataKeyNames = new string[] { "身份证号码" };GridView1.DataBind();sqlcon.Close();}}

前台主要代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowSorting="True" CellPadding="3" Font-Size="9pt" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px"><FooterStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" /><Columns><asp:TemplateField><ItemTemplate><asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox1" runat="server" /></ItemTemplate></asp:TemplateField><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="用户ID" SortExpression="身份证号码" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" SortExpression="姓名"/><asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址"/></Columns><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView><asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox2" runat="server" Font-Size="9pt" OnCheckedChanged="CheckBox2_CheckedChanged"Text="全选" /><asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Font-Size="9pt" Text="取消" OnClick="Button1_Click" /><asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Font-Size="9pt" Text="删除" OnClick="Button2_Click" />

6.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法一：

效果图：

做法：
双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；
在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e){int i;//执行循环，保证每条数据都可以更新for (i = 0; i < GridView1.Rows.Count; i++){//首先判断是否是数据行if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow){//当鼠标停留时更改背景色e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundColor;this.style.backgroundColor='#00A9FF'");//当鼠标移开时还原背景色e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=c");}}}

前台代码：

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" ><head runat="server"><title>实现鼠标划过改变GridView的行背景色 清清月儿http://blog.csdn.net/21aspnet </title></head><body><form id="form1" runat="server"><div><asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" DataKeyNames="身份证号码"DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" AllowSorting="True" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="3" Font-Size="12px" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound"><Columns><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="身份证号码" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="身份证号码" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="姓名" SortExpression="姓名" /><asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" SortExpression="家庭住址" /><asp:BoundField DataField="邮政编码" HeaderText="邮政编码" SortExpression="邮政编码" /></Columns><FooterStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" /><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView><asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:北风贸易ConnectionString1 %>"SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [身份证号码], [姓名], [员工性别], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] FROM [飞狐工作室]" DataSourceMode="DataReader"></asp:SqlDataSource></div></form></body></html>

7.鼠标移到GridView某一行时改变该行的背景色方法二：

效果图：

做法：和上面的一样就是代码不同

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e){//int i;////执行循环，保证每条数据都可以更新//for (i = 0; i < GridView1.Rows.Count; i++)//{// //首先判断是否是数据行// if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow)// {// //当鼠标停留时更改背景色// e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "c=this.style.backgroundColor;this.style.backgroundColor='#00A9FF'");// //当鼠标移开时还原背景色// e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor=c");// }//}//如果是绑定数据行if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow){//鼠标经过时，行背景色变e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundColor='#E6F5FA'");//鼠标移出时，行背景色变e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor='#FFFFFF'");}}

8.GridView实现删除时弹出确认对话框：

效果图：

实现方法：
双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；
在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e){//如果是绑定数据行if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow){if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate){((LinkButton)e.Row.Cells[6].Controls[0]).Attributes.Add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.Row.Cells[1].Text + "/"吗?')");}}}

9.GridView实现自动编号：

效果图：

实现方法：
双击GridView的OnRowDataBound事件；
在后台的GridView1_RowDataBound()方法添加代码，最后代码如下所示：

protected void GridView1_RowDataBound(object sender, GridViewRowEventArgs e){//如果是绑定数据行if (e.Row.RowType == DataControlRowType.DataRow){////鼠标经过时，行背景色变//e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseover", "this.style.backgroundColor='#E6F5FA'");////鼠标移出时，行背景色变//e.Row.Attributes.Add("onmouseout", "this.style.backgroundColor='#FFFFFF'");////当有编辑列时，避免出错，要加的RowState判断//if (e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Normal || e.Row.RowState == DataControlRowState.Alternate)//{// ((LinkButton)e.Row.Cells[6].Controls[0]).Attributes.Add("onclick", "javascript:return confirm('你确认要删除：/"" + e.Row.Cells[1].Text + "/"吗?')");//}}if (e.Row.RowIndex != -1){int id = e.Row.RowIndex + 1;e.Row.Cells[0].Text = id.ToString();}}

注意这时最好把前台的第一列的表头该为“编号”，因为以前的第一列被“吃掉”了。

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" CellPadding="3" OnRowDeleting="GridView1_RowDeleting" OnRowEditing="GridView1_RowEditing"OnRowUpdating="GridView1_RowUpdating" OnRowCancelingEdit="GridView1_RowCancelingEdit" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" Font-Size="12px" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound"><FooterStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" /><Columns><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="编号" ReadOnly="True" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="用户姓名" /><asp:BoundField DataField="员工性别" HeaderText="性别" /><asp:BoundField DataField="家庭住址" HeaderText="家庭住址" /><asp:CommandField HeaderText="选择" ShowSelectButton="True" /><asp:CommandField HeaderText="编辑" ShowEditButton="True" /><asp:CommandField HeaderText="删除" ShowDeleteButton="True" /></Columns><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView>

10.GridView实现自定义时间货币等字符串格式：

效果图：
图1-未格式化前

图2-格式化后

解决方法：
在asp.net 2.0中，如果要在绑定列中显示比如日期格式等，如果用下面的方法是显示不了的

<asp :BoundField DataField="CreationDate"DataFormatString="{0:M-dd-yyyy}"HeaderText="CreationDate" />

主要是由于htmlencode属性默认设置为true,已防止XSS攻击，安全起见而用的，所以，可以有以下两种方法解决

第一种：

<asp :GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server"><columns><asp :BoundField DataField="CreationDate"DataFormatString="{0:M-dd-yyyy}"HtmlEncode="false"HeaderText="CreationDate" /></columns></asp>

将htmlencode设置为false即可

另外的解决方法为，使用模版列

<asp :GridView ID="GridView3" runat="server" ><columns><asp :TemplateField HeaderText="CreationDate" ><edititemtemplate><asp :Label ID="Label1" runat="server"Text='<%# eval_r("CreationDate", "{0:M-dd-yyyy}") %>'></asp></edititemtemplate><itemtemplate><asp :Label ID="Label1" runat="server"Text='<%# Bind("CreationDate", "{0:M-dd-yyyy}") %>'></asp></itemtemplate></asp></columns></asp>

前台代码：

<asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" DataKeyNames="身份证号码"DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1" AllowSorting="True" BackColor="White" BorderColor="#CCCCCC" BorderStyle="None" BorderWidth="1px" CellPadding="3" Font-Size="12px" OnRowDataBound="GridView1_RowDataBound"><Columns><asp:BoundField DataField="身份证号码" HeaderText="身份证号码" ReadOnly="True" SortExpression="身份证号码" /><asp:BoundField DataField="姓名" HeaderText="姓名" SortExpression="姓名" /><asp:BoundField DataField="邮政编码" HeaderText="邮政编码" SortExpression="邮政编码" /><asp:BoundField DataField="出生日期" HeaderText="出生日期" SortExpression="出生日期" /><asp:BoundField DataField="起薪" HeaderText="起薪" SortExpression="起薪" /></Columns><FooterStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" /><RowStyle ForeColor="#000066" /><SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#669999" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /><PagerStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#000066" HorizontalAlign="Left" /><HeaderStyle BackColor="#006699" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" /></asp:GridView><asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:北风贸易ConnectionString1 %>"SelectCommand="SELECT top 5 [出生日期], [起薪], [身份证号码], [姓名], [家庭住址], [邮政编码] FROM [飞狐工作室]" DataSourceMode="DataReader"></asp:SqlDataSource>

附录-常用格式化公式：
{0:C} 货币；
{0:D4}由0填充的4个字符宽的字段中显示整数；
{0:000.0}四舍五入小数点保留第几位有效数字；
{0:N2}小数点保留2位有效数字；{0:N2}% 小数点保留2位有效数字加百分号；
{0:D}长日期；{0:d}短日期；{0:yy-MM-dd} 例如07-3-25；；{0:yyyy-MM-dd} 例如2007-3-25

为大家附3个精彩的专题：

ASP.NET控件使用手册

ASP.NET数据绑定控件使用汇总

ASP.NET控件使用汇总

以上就是asp.net中gridview控件的多种使用方法的第一篇，内容很丰富，之后还有终结篇，希望大家不要错过。

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