Django自定义用户认证示例详解

前言

Django附带的认证对于大多数常见情况来说已经足够了,但是如何在 Django 中使用自定义的数据表进行用户认证，有一种较为笨蛋的办法就是自定义好数据表后，使用OnetoOne来跟 Django 的表进行关联，类似于这样：

from django.contrib.auth.models import Userclass UserProfile(models.Model): """ 用户账号表 """ user = models.OneToOneField(User) name = models.CharField(max_length=32) def __str__(self):  return self.name class Meta:  verbose_name_plural = verbose_name = "用户账号"  ordering = ['id']

这样做虽然可以简单、快速的实现，但是有一个问题就是我们在自己的表中创建一个用户就必须再跟 admin 中的一个用户进行关联，这简直是不可以忍受的。

admin代替默认User model

写我们自定义的 models 类来创建用户数据表来代替默认的User model，而不与django admin的进行关联，相关的官方文档在这里

👾戳我

from django.db import modelsfrom django.contrib.auth.models import Userfrom django.contrib.auth.models import ( BaseUserManager, AbstractBaseUser)class UserProfileManager(BaseUserManager): def create_user(self, email, name, password=None):  """  用户创建，需要提供 email、name、password  """  if not email:   raise ValueError('Users must have an email address')  user = self.model(   email=self.normalize_email(email),   name=name,  )  user.set_password(password)  user.save(using=self._db)  return user def create_superuser(self, email, name, password):  """  超级用户创建，需要提供 email、name、password  """  user = self.create_user(   email,   password=password,   name=name,  )  user.is_admin = True  user.is_active = True  user.save(using=self._db)  return userclass UserProfile(AbstractBaseUser): # 在此处可以配置更多的自定义字段 email = models.EmailField(  verbose_name='email address',  max_length=255,  unique=True, ) name = models.CharField(max_length=32, verbose_name="用户名称") phone = models.IntegerField("电话") is_active = models.BooleanField(default=True) is_admin = models.BooleanField(default=False) objects = UserProfileManager() USERNAME_FIELD = 'email' # 将email 作为登入用户名 REQUIRED_FIELDS = ['name', 'phone'] def __str__(self):  return self.email def get_full_name(self):  # The user is identified by their email address  return self.email def get_short_name(self):  # The user is identified by their email address  return self.email def has_perm(self, perm, obj=None):  "Does the user have a specific permission?"  # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always  return True def has_module_perms(self, app_label):  "Does the user have permissions to view the app `app_label`?"  # Simplest possible answer: Yes, always  return True @property def is_staff(self):  "Is the user a member of staff?"  # Simplest possible answer: All admins are staff  return self.is_admin